摘要
孙吴临湘侯国的"丘"应由自然聚落发展而来,其族居形态或"聚族丘居",或"多姓均势杂居".聚族丘居反映了孙吴时期基层宗族滋育的事实.不过,孙吴延续了秦汉以来的经常性做法,即利用乡里编制对丘民进行分割与整合,以期离散地方豪族.不过,随着"里"的地域意义日益虚化,逐渐成为纯粹的户口编制单位,乡里制在离散自然聚落族姓方面的功能可能已经退化,孙吴临湘侯国乡里"多姓均势杂居"实际上只是形式上的族居形态,事实上一些丘是聚族而居.
Abstract
The"hills"in Linxiang Hou State under Sun Wu likely originated as natural settlements,where inhabitants either lived in clustered clan communities or in mixed communities with multiple surnames coexisting in a balance of power.The presence of clustered clan communities reflects the growth and consolidation of grassroots clans during the Sun Wu period.However,Sun Wu continued the longstanding practice from the Qin and Han dynasties of using local administrative divisions to fragment and integrate the hill residents,aiming to weaken the influence of powerful local clans.Nevertheless,as the geographical significance of the"li"(local administrative units)gradually diminished,becoming merely census units,the effectiveness of the local administration in dispersing clans within natural settlements likely declined.In fact,the"mixed communities with multiple surnames maintaining a balance of power"in Linxiang Hou State under Sun Wu was largely a nominal settlement pattern,with some hills actually being inhabited by clustered clans.
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