Further Discussion on the Order of three Chapters of ShangShu-PanGeng:A Brief Discussion on the"Violation of Divination"Phenomenon in Oracle Bone Divination
The term"shì"适 in the phrase"the people are not accustomed to their dwellings"in Pan Geng Ⅰcarries the meanings of"pleased"or"adapted."This semantic nuance has early origins,appearing not only in the Shangshu but also in inscriptions on bronze artifacts.The phrase"yǒu jū"有居 refers to houses,cities,and other constructions built after the move to the Yin capital."Not accustomed to their dwellings"indicates dissatisfaction or lack of adaptation to the newly built homes,suggesting that Pan Geng Ⅰ reflects events after the relocation to Yin and should be placed as the third chapter in chronological order.The first section of Pan Geng Ⅰ reveals the doubts and challenges posed by noble relatives regarding the Mandate of Heaven and divination,reflecting the phenomenon of"violating divination"违卜 in Shang-Zhou oracle bone divination.This skepticism toward auspicious omens is also evident in Da Gao 大诰,while the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips'The Appointment of Fu Yue provides direct examples of"violating divination."Similar phenomena appear in the oracle bone inscriptions from the Yin ruins,where even divinations with auspicious results could be selectively"not used."The"violation of divination"and"non-use"of auspicious divinations illustrate the subjective agency exercised by diviners in the interpretation and acceptance of divinatory outcomes.The presence of these phenomena in oracle bone divination confirms the validity and accuracy of our interpretation of the first section of Pan Geng Ⅰ in terms of its underlying thought and consciousness.The chronological reconstruction of the three chapters of Pan Geng portrays a great Shang king who,despite numerous obstacles,demonstrated courage and determination in forging ahead before and after the move to the Yin capital.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
