摘要
目的:了解西藏拉萨市娘热乡(海拔3 700m)和山南市普玛江塘乡(海拔5 373m)世居成年藏族慢性肾脏病(Chronic Kidney Disease,CKD)患病现状及其影响因素,为西藏地区防控慢性肾脏病提供基础数据.方法:于2022年8月—2023年10月采用分层随机抽样方法选取拉萨市娘热乡和山南市普玛江塘乡430例年龄≥18岁的世居藏族进行问卷调查、体格检查和慢性肾脏病相关血液学指标检测.结果:430例世居成年藏族居民中CKD患者109例,CKD患病率为25.3%,普玛江塘乡CKD患病率(40.8%)明显高于娘热乡患病率(11.2%)(P<0.05);CKD患病率随年龄的增长而增加;女性患病率(32.2%)明显高于男性(17.3%);饮酒人群患病率(36.0%)高于非饮酒者(22.1%),海拔3 700m人群CKD肾脏损伤主要表现为肾功能减退,海拔5 300m人群肾脏损伤主要表现为血尿;总人群CKD分期主要集中在CKD 1～2期;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高海拔、女性、年龄≥51岁和饮酒是CKD发生的危险因素.结论:拉萨市娘热乡和山南市普玛江塘乡CKD患病率均较高,海拔、性别、年龄和饮酒是CKD患病的主要影响因素.
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD)among native Tibet-an adults living in Niangre Township,Lhasa City(elevation 3 700 m)and Pumajiangtang Township,Shannan City(elevation 5 373 m),Tibet.Providing fundamental data for CKD prevention and control in Tibet.Method:From August 2022 to October 2023,a total of 430 native Tibetan adults aged 18 years and above living in NinagRe Township,Lhasa City,and Pumajiangtang Township,Shannan City were selected using a stratified ran-dom sampling method.They underwent questionnaire survey,physical examinations,and biochemical tests relat-ed to chronic kidney disease.Result:Among the 430 native Tibetan adults living in Niangre Township,Lhasa City,and Pumajiangtang Township,Shannan City,109 were diagnosed with CKD,resulting in a prevalence of 25.3%.The CKD prevalence in Pumajiangtang Township(40.8%)was significantly higher than that in Niangre Township(11.2%)(P<0.05).The prevalence of CKD increased with age,with a higher rate in females(32.2%)compared to males(17.3%).The prevalence was also higher in individuals who consumed alcohol(36.0%)com-pared to non-drinkers(22.1%).At an altitude of 3 700 m,kidney damage mainly manifested as renal function de-cline,whereas at an altitude of 5 300 m,it primarily manifested as hematuria.The majority of CKD cases were in stage 1 to 2.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis indicated that high altitude,female gender,age≥51 years,and alcohol consumption were risk factors for CKD.Conclusion:The prevalence of CKD in Nian-gre Township,Lhasa City,and Pumajiangtang Township,Shannan City,are relatively high.Altitude,gender,age,and alcohol consumption are the main influencing factors for CKD prevalence.
基金项目
西藏自治区科技厅自然科学基金项目(XZ202001ZR0055G)
西藏自治区科技厅自然科学基金项目(XZ202001ZR0040G)
西藏自治区科技厅重点研发计划项目(XZ202101ZY0009G)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据