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煤矿矿井水处理和资源化利用的关键问题及对策

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煤矿矿井水水量大且水质污染相对较轻,可作为非常规水资源利用。然而,煤矿矿井水普遍存在资源化利用率低的现实问题。从煤矿矿井水处理技术、资源化综合利用模式及标准体系3个层面剖析了制约其资源化利用的关键问题。针对含悬浮物、含铁锰、高矿化度及酸性矿井水处理,论述并分析了混凝沉淀强化及微滤和超滤直接过滤去除悬浮物、生物法除铁除锰、纳滤膜脱盐回用等低碳、低成本技术发展方向。总结了矿井水处理过程中产生的污泥减量化、资源化技术特征及进展。针对煤矿矿井水在企业内难以完全消纳、企业外部利用途径不明的问题,探讨了通过集中处理厂实现企业内外结合的资源化综合利用模式,初步分析了矿井水制备优质饮用水的前景及可行性。在厘清煤矿矿井水排放及综合利用标准体系现状的基础上,提出制定煤矿矿井水专一性排放标准,补充制定煤矿矿井水资源化及综合利用、污泥处理处置和资源化技术规范的建议。
Key issues and countermeasures of coal mine water treatment and recycling
Coal mine water with large volume and relatively clean quality,can be used as unconventional water resources.However,there is a common problem of low resource utilization ratio in coal mine water.From the perspective of treatment technology,comprehensive recycling mode and technical standard system,the restraints of coal mine water recycling were dissected.For the treatment of mine water containing suspended matter,iron and manganese,high salinity and acid,the development of low-carbon and cost technologies were expounded,such as suspended matter removal by enhanced coagulation and sedimentation,untrafiltration and microfiltration,biological iron and manganese removal,and nano-filtration membrane desalination.Technical characteristic and progress of reduction and recycling of sludge derived from mine water treatment were summarized.To address the issue that coal mine water was difficult to be completely consumed in enterprises and recycle externally,the recycling mode combining enterprise inside and outside through centralized treatment plant was proposed.Meanwhile,the prospect and feasibility of producing high-quality drinking water from mine water were analyzed preliminarily.On the basis of clarifying the current situation of the standard system for coal mine water discharge and recycling,formulating specific discharge standards,technical specifications for coal mine water recycling,sludge treatment,disposal and recycling,could boost the sustainable development of coal industry.

coal mine watercomprehensive utilizationsludge disposalrecycling

薛罡、刘建奇、强志斌、王永刚、郭尧、陈红

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东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海 201620

上海昌达恒润环保科技有限公司,上海 200081

山西省煤炭学会,山西 太原 030012

中国煤炭学会,北京 100013

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煤矿矿井水 综合利用 污泥处置 资源化

2025

工业水处理
中海油天津化工研究设计院

工业水处理

北大核心
影响因子:0.737
ISSN:1005-829X
年,卷(期):2025.45(1)