Analysis of the Application Research Progress of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles in the Field of Vaccines
Outer membrane vesicles(OMVs)are nano spherical particles secreted by gram-negative bacteria during their growth.They can participate in the development of bacterial infectious diseases by releasing virulent factors,regulating host immune response,and excreting antibiotics.Due to the fact that OMVs carry a large amount of bacterial components such as proteins,lipids,genetic material,etc.,and can effectively activate the immune system,they have the potential to serve as vaccines,vaccine adjuvants,and excellent exogenous antigen carriers.Therefore,this can be used in the development and development process of vaccines for infectious disease prevention and tumor immunotherapy.With the rapid development of high-tech industries such as medicine and biotechnology,various types of existing vaccines have different defects,and there is an urgent need for a vaccine that can ensure both safety and effectiveness.It can be seen that the outer membrane vesicle vaccine has good application prospects.This paper provides a review and analysis of the biosynthesis,structural components,biological effects,and research in various aspects of bacterial outer membrane vesicles in the field of vaccines,providing a theoretical basis and reference value for further promoting the development of bacterial outer membrane vesicle vaccines.
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