目的 了解我国第二产业重点人群职业健康素养(occupational health literacy,OHL)水平,分析其主要影响因素,为开展针对性OHL干预及相关政策制定提供科学依据.方法 以2022年OHL监测工作中第二产业重点人群为研究对象,采用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》调查OHL水平及影响因素.结果 2022年全国共调查第二产业重点人群168 455人.研究对象OHL总体水平为56.5％,不同维度素养水平由高到低依次为职业健康保护基本知识(81.2％)、健康工作方式和行为(69.8％)、职业健康法律知识(59.4％)和职业健康保护基本技能(37.5％).不同行业、省级行政区域、个体特征研究对象OHL水平存在差异,多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,大学本科及以上学历组(OR=3.174,95％CI:3.051～3.302)、7 000 元及以上收入组(OR=1.951,95％CI:1.874～2.030)、非农业户籍组(OR=1.121,95％CI:1.096～1.146)研究对象OHL水平高于其他组,且东、中、西部地区OHL水平影响因素存在差异.结论 我国不同行业、地区第二产业重点人群OHL水平存在一定差异,文化程度、收入、户籍等是可能影响劳动者OHL水平的主要影响因素.各地应结合第二产业行业分布特征、企业性质、劳动者个体特征,开展有针对性的OHL干预与职业人群健康促进工作.
Occupational health literacy level and its influencing factors among key populations of secondary industry in China
Objective To investigate the level of occupational health literacy(OHL)and its influencing factors among key populations of secondary industry in China,providing a scientific basic for targeted OHL intervention and related policy making.Methods This study was conducted among key populations of secondary industry in 2022.The Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of National Key Populations was used to measure the OHL levels and related factors.Results A total of 168 455 participants from the secondary industry were surveyed in 2022.The OHL level was 56.5％overall,and the different dimensions of OHL were basic knowledge of occupational health protection(81.2％),healthy working styles and behaviors(69.8％),legal knowledge of occupational health protection(59.4％),and basic skills of occupational health protection(37.5％),respectively.The OHL level varied among participants with different sectors,municipalities,and individual characteristics.According to the multivariate logistic regression,having a bachelor's degree or above(OR=3.174,95％CI:3.051-3.302),having 7 000 yuan or higher monthly income(OR=1.951,95％CI:1.874-2.030),and being non-agricultural registered residence(OR=1.121,95％CI:1.096-1.146)were independently associated with higher OHL levels.The influencing factors of OHL level varied in eastern,central,and western regions.Conclusion There are industrial and regional variations in the OHL level of key populations among secondary industry in China,with major influencing factors including education level,income,and household registration.Targeted OHL intervention and occupational health promotion should be developed,combining the distribution features of the secondary industry,enterprise type,and individual characteristics of workers.
Occupational health literacySecondary industryOccupational groupsRegional variation
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
