Survey on anxiety and depression tendency and influencing factor analysis among female managers
Objective To investigate the anxiety and depression tendency and influencing factors of female managers in four industries and to analyze the mediating effect of coping style on the relationship between occupational stress,anxiety and depression in female managers.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to September 2020 among 4 239 female managers in the healthcare,education,finance,and communication industries.The Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in female managers.Using occupational stress as the independent variable,anxiety,and depression as the dependent variables,coping style as the mediating variable,AMOS was used to establish a mediation model.The SPSS macro Process was employed for covariate control,followed by a Bootstrap test of the mediation effect.Results Female managers experiencing occupational stress were at a higher risk of anxiety and depression,with OR(95％CD of 4.552(3.163-6.553)and 4.623(3.683-5.804),respectively,both were statistically significant(P＜0.01).Compared to the medical industry,female managers in the financial industry exhibited a higher risk of anxiety and depression tendency,with OR(95％CI)of 2.241(1.630-3.080)and 1.632(1.322-2.015),respectively.Master's degree or higher and personal annual income of over 60 000 were identified as protective factors against anxiety tendency among female managers,while being over the age of 35 was a protective factor against depression tendency.Coping style partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress,anxiety and depression tendency in female managers,with indirect effect values of 0.066(95％CI:0.056-0.076)and 0.157(95％CI:0.137-0.178)respectively.The proportions of mediating effects were 24.26％and 21.72％,respectively.Conclusion Occupational stress is a risk factor for anxiety and depression tendencies in female managers,and coping strategies partially mediate the relationship between occupational stress and anxiety and depression in female managers.
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