摘要
英国、欧洲大陆和美国各因与帝俄有不同的地缘政治关系,分别发展出各自的斯拉夫学,十月革命建立反西方的苏维埃国家,意外促成大西洋两岸斯拉夫学科趋同并加速扩大,而冷战进程推动斯拉夫学超常发展,使其敏锐地关注到苏联官方制造出又极力掩饰的境外俄罗斯文学和地下文学,严肃正视苏联官方文学和社会主义现实主义理论体系,在"俄罗斯文学史"编纂上比苏俄本土学界更稳妥、中立,率先建构"白银时代"概念、发掘俄国大众文学和俄国女性文学等.这些在人文学科框架下翻译和研究俄罗斯文学的成果,成为西方左翼思潮不被苏俄话语同化的力量,又助力苏俄改革、重建"俄罗斯文学史".如是一来,认真探讨西方斯拉夫学如何从地缘政治上发掘重大论题,在人文学科框架下解释俄罗斯文学,对我们重新认识俄罗斯问题,是具有重大现实价值的学术论题.
Abstract
The UK took the lead in the Slavonic studies due to geopolitical needs,and continental Europe and the USA also developed different Slavic studies originated in their different geopolitical rela-tions with imperial Russia.The Soviet system established by the October Revolution which threatened Eu-rope and USA,prompted more universities on both sides of the Atlantic to establish Slavic studies disci-pline which began to converge.Along with the process of the Cold War,Slavic studies made great pro-gress in the squeeze of"Sovietology",paid close attention to the overseas Russian literature and under-ground literature which the Soviet party and government created and tried to conceal,and seriously faced the official Soviet literature and the theoretical system of socialist realism.Therefore western Slavic stud-ies made more remarkable achievements in the compilation of literary history than the local Soviet acade-mia.The discipline even constructed the concept of the "Silver Age"and explored Russian popular litera-ture and Russian female literature.These achievements gave feedback to Soviet-Russia and started the wave of returning literature in Soviet-Russia.The western Slavonic studies successfully transformed and even participated in the process of literature in the Russian Federation during the period of post-soviet.It is of great practical value that we explored how Western Slavonic studies found the important issues of Russian literature from European-American geopolitics,and discussed the phenomena and texts related to these issues within the framework of humanities.
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