The Aesthetic Features of"Scholar-tea"in the Song Dynasty:Environment,Techniques,and Concepts
In the Song Dynasty,scholars were the principal part of tea culture,and the aesthetic features of"scholar-tea"thus became the optimal representation of tea aesthetics.The appreciation envi-ronments of"scholar-tea"mainly consist of four categories:feasts and banquets,courtyards and pavilions,imperial courts,and mountain-forest monasteries,with their aesthetic traits being jubilant and colorful,leisurely and elegant,exquisite and noble,and pure and delightful respectively.The appreciation tech-niques of"scholar-tea"include Jiancha,which adheres to simplicity and is imbued with an ancient charm,Diancha,which pursues delicacy and has superb color,aroma,and taste,and Tocha and Fen-cha,which value the beauty of competition and performance.Among them,Jiancha emphasizes"thrifti-ness",Diancha emphasizes"elegance",and Tōcha and Fencha emphasize"amusement",jointly constitu-ting the appreciation concept of"scholar-tea".Influenced by the aesthetic tastes of the court and the com-mon people,Song-Dynasty scholars incorporated the refined beauty of the court and the popular beauty of the common people into the traditional thrifty ideology,jointly shaping the diverse and unique aesthetic style of"scholar-tea".
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