摘要
正确认识砂石开采对生态环境的影响,对于调整砂石政策,保护矿区生态环境和制定矿区生态修复措施具有重要意义.以贵州省砂石矿山为例,通过分析砂石矿山开采对土地利用类型和生态系统服务功能的影响,揭示砂石矿山开采对生态环境的影响.研究结果表明:1)2010-2020年,贵州省砂石矿山开采占地共计11 502.45 hm2,其中,占用农田4 923.12 hm2,破坏森林面积4 446.24 hm2;2)根据贵州省2020年砂石矿山开采现状,砂石矿区未来最适宜恢复的土地类型排序为森林＞建设用地＞农田;3)2010-2020年,贵州省因砂石开采损失的生态系统服务价值约6.34亿元,从生态系统服务功能看,对气候调节功能影响最大,对维持养分循环服务的影响最小.
Abstract
A correct understanding of the impact of sand and gravel mining on the ecological environ-ment is of great significance for adjusting the sand and gravel policies,protecting the ecological environ-ment and formulating ecological restoration measures in mining areas.Taking sand and gravel mines in Guizhou Province as an example,this study exposes the impact of sand and gravel mining on the eco-logical environment by analyzing its impact on land use types and ecosystem service functions.The re-sults of the study show that:1)From 2010 to 2020,sand and gravel mining in Guizhou Province had been occupied 11 502.45 hm2 of land,of which 4 923.12 hm2 of farmland had been occupied and 4 446.24 hm2 of forest had been destroyed.;2)According to the current situation of sand and gravel mining in Guizhou Province in 2020,the most suitable land types for future restoration of sand and gravel mining areas in Guizhou Province are ranked as forest＞construction land＞farmland;3)The value of ecosystem services lost due to sand and gravel mining in Guizhou Province was about 634 mil-lion yuan from 2010 to 2020.In terms of ecosystem service functions,the greatest impact was on the cli-mate regulation functions and the least on the function of maintaining nutrient cycling services.
维普
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