摘要
通过对威宁县生态功能区大型真菌进行收集,利用形态学结合分子生物学对其进行鉴定,对各科属出现频度、优势属以及食药用经济价值分析.结果表明,该生态功能区共采集到大型真菌标本 185 个,成功鉴定 172 个,隶属 2 门、10 纲、10 目、28 科、47 属、101 种;出现频度最高的科为多孔菌科(Polyporaceae)、出现频度最高的属为乳牛肝菌属(Suil-lus);优势属为乳牛肝菌属(Suillus)、鹅膏属(Amanita)、红菇属(Russula)、蜡蘑属(Laccaria)、裸脚伞属(Gymnopus)、乳菇属(Lactarius)、丝盖伞属(Inocybe)、伞菌属(Agaricus)、漏斗伞属(Infundibulicybe)、口蘑属(Tricholoma),占总数的 65.14%;可食用大型真菌 17.14%,可药用真菌 5.72%,食药兼用 4.00%,有毒真菌 45.14%和食药不明真菌 28.09%;被评估为无危等级的有淡黄多汁乳菇(Lactifluus luteolus)和乳酪状红金钱菌(Rhodocollybia butyracea)等 12 种、数据不足等级的有橙黄蜡蘑(Laccaria aurantia)和棕红乳菇(Lactarius badiosanguineus)等 5 种.贵州省新记录种 9 种、中国新记录种 2 种以及中国特有种 1 种.贵州省威宁县生态功能区内含有丰富的大型真菌资源,本研究为该地大型真菌资源的利用和保护提供理论基础和数据支持.
Abstract
The macrofungi in the ecological function area of Weining County,Guizhou Province were collected,identified through morphology combined with molecular biology,and analyzed for the fre-quency of occurrence of each family genus,dominant genus and economic value for food and medicine.The results showed that 185 macrofungi were collected from this ecological functional area,and 172 were successfully identified,belonging to 2 phyla,10 orders,10 classes,28 families,47 genera,and 101 species.The most frequent family was Polyporaceae and the most frequent genus was Suillus.The dominant genera were Suillus,Amanita,Russula,Laccaria,Gymnopus,Lactarius,Inocybe,Agaricus,Infundibulicybe,Tricholoma,accounting for 65.14%of the total.Edible macrofungi 17.14%,medicinal 5.72%,pharmaceutical or food resource 4.00%,toxic fungi 45.14%and unknown 28.09%.12 species,including Lactifluus luteolus and Rhodocollybia butyracea,were assessed as Least Concern(LC),5 species,including Laccaria aurantia and the Lactarius badiosanguineus were assessed as data deficient(DD).There were 9 new record species in Guizhou Province,2 new record species in China and 1 endemic species in China.This study provided theoretical basis and data support for the utilization and conservation of macrofungi resources in the ecological function area of Weining County,Guizhou Province.
基金项目
贵州省科技计划(黔科合支撑[2019]2451号)
贵州省农业领域重点项目(黔科合支撑[2022]重点025)
贵州省农业领域重点项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般172)
贵州省农业领域重点项目(黔科合成果[2023]一般065)
贵州省科技计划(黔科合平台人才[2019]5105)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据