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油菜摘薹后不同追肥量对菜籽产量及经济效益的影响

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为研究油菜摘薹后不同追肥量对油菜菜籽产量及经济效益的影响,获得油菜摘薹后最佳施肥量.以臻油 89、宝油 150 为试验材料,设置不摘薹、摘薹不追肥和追肥共 6 个处理,分析油菜摘薹后不同追氮量下产量、植株性状及经济效益的变化.结果表明,摘薹对油菜产量有一定的影响,摘薹后不追肥减产显著,摘薹后追肥减产不明显.臻油 89 与宝油150 各摘薹处理平均产量分别为 2 014.22 kg/hm2、1 839.02 kg/hm2,与不摘薹对照处理(2 078.54 kg/hm2、1 920.89 kg/hm2)相比产量分别减产 3.09%和 4.26%,减产不显著.油菜摘薹后追肥,降低了分枝位,促进了根茎发育,二次分枝数及单株角果数的增加,是摘薹产量增减不显著的主要因素.摘薹作蔬菜食用,两品种分别以 P1 T4、P2T3 处理经济效益最大,分别为 17 899.89 元/hm2、16 016.12 元/hm2;比不摘薹对照分别增加 3 350.12 元/hm2、2 569.89 元/hm2,增效23.03%和 19.11%.发展优质油菜油蔬两用栽培技术,可明显提升油菜产值,为农民增收增效,有效带动油菜产业发展.油菜摘薹后追施尿素 75~150 kg/hm2,油菜纯收入最高,经济效益最大.
The Influence of Different Topdressing Amount on Rapeseed Yield and Economic Benefit after Rapeseed Picking
In order to study the influence of different topdressing amount on the yield and economic benefits of rapeseed,and obtaine the best amount of fertilization after rapeseed picking.With Zhengy-ou89 and Baoyou150 as the test materials,a total of 6 treatments were set up without picking,picking without dressing and topdressing,and the changes of yield,plant traits and economic benefits under different nitrogen pursuit after rape picking were analyzed.The results showed that the crop had a certain impact on the yield of rape,and the production after picking was significant,and the produc-tion after picking was not obvious.The average output of each bolt treatment of Zhengyou89 and Baoyou150 was 2 014.22 kg/hm2,1 839.02 kg/hm2 respectively,and the output of control treatment(2 078.54 kg/hm2,1 920.89 kg/hm2)was 3.09%and 4.26%respectively,and the production reduc-tion was not significant.Rape picking after topdressing,reduce the branch level,promote the devel-opment of the root of the number of secondary branches and the number of single plant horn in-creased,with the main factor of the yield of picking.Picking for vegetables,the two varieties with P1 T4,P2 T3,respectively 17 899.89 yuan/hm2,16 016.12 yuan/hm2;than not pick control,increased 3 350.12 yuan/hm2,2 569.89 yuan/hm2,23.03%and 19.11%.The development of high-quality rape-seed oil-vegetable cultivation technology could significantly increase the output value of rapeseed,in-crease the income and efficiency of farmers,and effectively drive the development of rapeseed indus-try.When the urea was 75~150 kg/hm2,the net income of rapeseed was the highest and the econom-ic benefit was the largest.

napuspickingtopdressingyieldeconomic benefits

周炜华、赵继献、戴祥来、胡权、程国平

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贵州省油菜研究所,贵阳 550008

甘蓝型油菜 摘薹 追肥 产量 经济效益

贵州省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目贵州省科技计划

GZCYTX2018-0802黔科合支撑20201Y106

2024

耕作与栽培
贵州省农作物学会 贵州省农业技术推广总站

耕作与栽培

影响因子:0.254
ISSN:1008-2239
年,卷(期):2024.44(1)
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