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修文县'贵长'猕猴桃品质提升生产措施研究

Research on Production Measures for Improving the Quality of"Guichang"Kiwifruit in Xiuwen County

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本研究以'贵长'猕猴桃为试验材料,研究猕猴桃种植过程中不同阶段的主要措施(如选址坡度、施肥量、采摘时期、贮藏方式)对猕猴桃品质的影响,提出提高猕猴桃品质的生产技术措施.结果表明,猕猴桃最佳种植坡度为平坡(5°),最好不要超过 20°,斜坡会降低土壤肥力,导致植株体内养分积累降低,进而降低猕猴桃单果重和内在品质.中肥(1kg/株)通过增加土壤肥力,增加植株体内养分,进而提高猕猴桃单果重和内在品质.高肥(2kg/株)对品质提升没有明显作用,反而增加成本.修文县'贵长'猕猴桃最佳采摘时期为花后 150 d,过早过晚都会降低品质,且过晚采摘不耐贮藏.气调贮藏是最优的贮藏方式,但是成本较高,短期(30d)内适宜用常规冷藏,长期更适合使用气调贮藏.
This study used'Guichang'kiwifruit as the experimental material to investigate the effects of main measures at different stages of kiwifruit cultivation,such as site selection slope,fertilization a-mount,picking period,and storage methods,on kiwifruit quality.Production technology measures to improve kiwifruit quality were proposed.The results showed that the optimal planting slope for ki-wifruit was 0°,preferably not exceeding 20°,as the slope would reduce soil fertility,reduce the accu-mulation of nutrients in the plant,thereby reducing the single fruit weight and intrinsic quality of ki-wifruit.Middle fertilizer(1kg per plant)increased soil fertility and nutrients in the plant,thereby im-proving the single fruit weight and intrinsic quality of kiwifruit.High fertilizer had no significant effect on improving quality,but instead increases costs.The optimal harvesting period for'Guichang'kiwifruit in Xiuwen County was 150 d after flowering.Early or late harvesting will reduce its quality,and it is not durable for storage.Modified atmosphere storage is the optimal storage method,but it has a higher cost and is suitable for conventional refrigeration in the short term(30 days),while it is more suitable for longterm use.

kiwifruitqualityslopefertilizationstorage method

徐德伟、陆引罡、胡登举

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贵州大学农学院,贵阳 550025

贵州省果树科学研究所,贵阳 550025

修文县六广镇农业综合服务中心,贵州 修文 550215

猕猴桃 品质 坡度 施肥量 贮藏方式

贵州省修文猕猴桃地理标志农产品保护工程项目

2024

耕作与栽培
贵州省农作物学会 贵州省农业技术推广总站

耕作与栽培

影响因子:0.254
ISSN:1008-2239
年,卷(期):2024.44(3)