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稻菇轮作对水稻产量和品质及土壤性质的影响

Effects of Rice-Mushroom Rotation on Rice Yield and Quality and Soil Properties

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为了明确优质稻与大球盖菇轮作对水稻种植的影响,以T香优 557 和大球盖菇 1 号为供试品种,对比贵阳和安顺两地"冬闲+优质稻"和"大球盖菇+优质稻"轮作对水稻产量和品质及土壤性质的变化.结果表明,与"冬闲+优质稻"相比,贵阳和安顺不同生态区"大球盖菇+优质稻"轮作使水稻品种T香优 557 的有效穗数和千粒重显著增加,进一步增加水稻产量,其中安顺地区产量增加 20.3%,达到显著水平(p<0.05);从稻米品质分析看,"大球盖菇+优质稻"轮作使水稻品种T香优 557 的垩白粒率分别显著降低了 48.4%和 27.4%,垩白度分别显著降低了 52.8%和 46.4%,蛋白质含量分别显著提高了 43.2%和 32.7%,整精米率分别增加了 3.5%和 12.4%;从土壤性质来看,"大球盖菇+优质稻"轮作使得有效磷的含量显著增加 40.5%和 22.4%.因此,"大球盖菇+优质稻"轮作模式不仅能提高水稻产量,还能改善稻米品质,对土壤也有一定的影响,安顺地区的效果更明显.
In order to understand the effects of the rotation of high-quality rice and stropharia rugoso-annulata on rice planting,the changes of yield,quality and soil properties of high-quality rice and Macroscopus fruticosus in Guiyang and Anshun were studied by using high-quality rice T-Xiangyou 557 as the test variety and non-rotation as the control.The results showed that compared with no rota-tion,the effective panicle number and 1000-grain weight were significantly increased,and the rice yield was further increased by 3.2%and 20.3%,and the yield in Anshun area increased significantly(p<0.05).The chalkiness grain rate and chalkiness degree of T-Xiangyou557 were significantly decreased,the protein content was significantly increased,and the whole rice rate was increased by 3.5%and 12.4%,only the Anshun region has reached a significant level.Rice and mushroom rotation in different ecological areas significantly increased the content of available phosphorus by 40.5%and 22.4%.Therefore,rice-mushroom rotation could not only improve rice yield but also improve rice quality,and has a certain effect on soil,especially in Anshun area.

high quality ricestropharia rugoso-annulatapaddy-upland rotationrice quality

李佳丽、邓茹月、彭强、闫志强、李祖军、徐海峰、朱速松

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贵州省农业科学院水稻研究所,贵阳 550006

农业农村部喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种质创新重点实验室,贵阳 550006

优质稻 大球盖菇 水旱轮作 稻米品质

贵州省农科院青年基金项目中央引导地方科技发展资金项目中央引导地方科技发展资金项目贵州省农业科学院种质资源专项黔南州科技计划项目

黔农科院青年科技基金[2020]25号黔科合中引地[2023]014黔科合中引地[2023]019黔农科种质资源[2023]11号黔南科合[2022]19号

2024

耕作与栽培
贵州省农作物学会 贵州省农业技术推广总站

耕作与栽培

影响因子：0.254
ISSN：1008-2239
年,卷(期)：2024.44(3)