通过溶液共混法制备了碳纳米管(CNTs)与碳纤维(CF)复合的导电聚氨酯(PU)基底柔性应变传感器,其特点为高灵敏度、广应变范围和简便制备工艺.具体方法为将CNTs和CF混合后刷涂至PU基底上,形成CNTs/CF/PU导电复合材料.实验采用拉丁方设计法优化实验次数和参数范围,并通过多层感知器(MLP)模型进行数据训练和优化.在150%的大应变条件下,绘制等高线图以分析灵敏度的最佳区域.研究结果显示:增加碳纳米管比例、增加碳材料质量、缩短碳纤维长度以及延长超声处理时间,均对复合材料的灵敏度有积极影响.150%应变下的最佳灵敏度区域(黄色区域)的参数范围具体如下:碳材料质量范围为0.08～0.10 g,CNT比例范围为0.7～0.9,碳纤维长度范围约为0～4 mm,超声时间范围为40～80 min.
Research on preparation and properties of CNTs/CF/PU conductive composites
A flexible strain sensor based on a conductive polyurethane(PU)substrate with a composite of car-bon nanotubes(CNTs)and carbon fibers(CF)was fabricated using the solution blending method.And this sen-sor is characterized by high sensitivity,a wide strain range,and a simple fabrication process.Specifically,CNTs and CF were mixed and then brush-coated onto a PU substrate to form the CNTs/CF/PU conductive composite material.The Latin square design method was employed in the experiment to optimize the number of trials and parameter range,and utilizes the Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)model for data training and optimization.Under a high strain condition of 150%,contour plots were generated to analyze the optimal sensitivity region.The re-sults indicate that increasing the proportion of carbon nanotubes,increasing the mass of carbon materials,reduc-ing the length of carbon fibers,and extending the ultrasound treatment time all positively influence the sensitivi-ty of the composite material.The specific parameter ranges for the optimal sensitivity region(yellow area)at 150%strain are as follows:CMQ range of 0.08 g～0.1 g,CNT_ratio range of 0.7～0.9,CF_L range of approxi-mately 0～4 mm,and Ultrasound time range of 40～80 min.
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