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内蒙古基准站噪声特征与监测能力

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选取 2022 年 1 月内蒙古预警区域内 22 个基准站的三分量连续波形数据,计算了波形数据PSD、PDF分布,统计了 0.01~50 Hz频率下的PSD分布,对RMS和异常台站进行分析,并对不同频率和区域下背景噪声的变化特征按照高频段(≤1 s)、微震频段(1~20 s)、长周期段(≥20 s)予以研究,同时对测震台网监测能力进行分析.结果表明:地震预警台站的高频段背景噪声水平与人口、工业密度有一定关联;第二类地脉动噪声水平整体较为一致,第一类地脉动观测到的噪声能量较弱,地理空间分布的噪声水平差异小;在 20 s以上的长周期部分,背景噪声主要受到温度湿度等自然环境影响并且有一定的区域差异,将地震计安置在山洞和井下,可以有效地降低台站周围人类活动干扰源、温度和压强等对高频段和长周期观测的影响,使其在高频段和长周期观测的噪声水平低于地表安装方式;微震频段相比高频和长周期频段背景噪声分析可以更有效、更准确地对台站仪器如靠摆、参数错误等状态进行评估;故障台站修复后,内蒙古地震预警区域台站背景噪声均优于Ⅱ级,使预警区测震台网监测能力有了显著提升,对预警工程起到了良好的保障作用.
Noise Characteristics and Monitoring Capability Analysis of Inner Mongolia Reference Station
The three-component continuous waveform data of 22 reference stations in the earthquake early warning area of Inner Mongolia in January 2022 were selected,and the PSD and PDF distributions of the waveform data were calculated.The PSD distributions at frequencies from 0.01 to 50 Hz were counted,and the RMS and abnormal stations were analyzed.The variation characteristics of background noise under different frequencies and regions were studied according to high frequency band(≤1 s),micro-seismic band(1~20 s)and long period section(≥20 s).At the same time,the monitoring capability of seismic network was analyzed.The results show that the background noise level of high frequency band is related to population and industrial density.The noise level of the second type of ground pulsation is generally consistent.The observed noise energy of the first type of ground pulsation is weak,and the difference of the noise level of the geographical spatial distribution is small.In the long period of more than 20 s,the background noise is mainly affected by the natural environment,such as temperature and humidity,and has certain regional differences.The seismometer installed in the cave and underground can effectively reduce the influence of human activity interference sources,temperature and pressure around the station on the high frequency band and long period observation,so that the noise level in the high frequency band and long period observation is lower than that on the surface.Compared with high frequency and long period frequency band,the background noise analysis of microseismic frequency band can evaluate the status of station instruments such as swing and parameter error more effectively and accurately.After the repair of the fault stations,the background noise of the stations in the early warning area of Inner Mongolia is better than Ⅱ level,which significantly improves the monitoring capability of the seismometer network in the early warning area and plays a good guarantee role for the early warning project.

earthquake early warningbackground noisepower spectrum densityseismic monitoring capability

包文超、胡玮、申影、郭晔、甄齐、王西

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锡林浩特地震监测中心站,内蒙古 锡林浩特 026000

巴彦淖尔地震监测中心站,内蒙古 巴彦淖尔 015000

海拉尔地震监测中心站,内蒙古 呼伦贝尔 021000

地震预警 背景噪声 功率谱密度 地震监测能力

内蒙古自治区地震局局长基金中国地震局地震监测、预测、科研三结合课题

2022JC153JH-202301031

2024

华北地震科学
河北省地震局

华北地震科学

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.598
ISSN:1003-1375
年,卷(期):2024.42(2)
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