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生态环境损害救济的路径调适及入典规则安排

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目前我国生态环境损害救济路径包括以行政命令、行政处罚为主的行政执法路径,政府部门提起的政府索赔路径,以及环境民事公益诉讼路径.多路径并存的制度体系并非井然有序,存在法理基础逻辑障碍、制度衔接不畅、相关主体角色错位等困境.构建途径畅通的生态环境损害救济路径,持续改善环境治理,是当前促进我国生态环境保护与治理现代化的重要课题.法典化塑造的特定背景中,生态环境损害救济路径仍面临入典规则如何安排的新挑战.厘清生态环境损害救济路径中行政执法、政府索赔与环境民事公益诉讼的关系,尊重行政执法的首次判断权,以行政执法为首要选择,政府索赔次之,而环境民事公益诉讼作为补充.为保证路径内部逻辑一贯,并处理好路径之间的衔接,必须类型化区分生态环境损害赔偿路径,最大程度发挥制度合力.
Path Adjustment and Entry Rules Arrangement for Relief of Ecological Environmental Damage
At present our country eco-environmental damage relief path includes path of administrative law enforcement that includes administrative order,administrative punishment,path of government claim filed by the government department and path of environmental civil public interest litigation.The multi-path institutional system is not well-ordered,and there are difficulties such as legal logic foundation and logic obstacles,poor institutional connection,and misalignment of relevant subjects' roles.To build an unimpeded relief path for ecological environmental damage and improve environmental management continuously is an important subject to promote the modernization of ecological environmental protection and management.Under the specific background of codification,the relief path of ecological environmental damage still faces the new challenge of how to arrange the rules of codification.To clarify the relationship between administrative law enforcement,government claim and environmental civil public interest litigation in the relief path of ecological environmental damage,respect the first judgment right of administrative law enforcement,take administrative law enforcement as the first choice,followed by government claim,and environmental civil public interest litigation as a supplement.In order to ensure the consistent internal logic of paths and handle the connection between paths,it is necessary to type and distinguish the paths of compensation for ecological environmental damage and give full play to the joint efforts of the system.

ecological and environmental damageadministrative law enforcementgovernment claimsenvironmental civil public interest litigationenvironmental code

李义松、闫媛媛

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河海大学 法学院, 江苏 南京 211100

生态环境损害 行政执法 政府索赔 环境民事公益诉讼 环境法典

国家社会科学基金江苏省社会科学基金重点项目

22BFX13119FXA002

2024

河北工业大学学报(社会科学版)
河北工业大学

河北工业大学学报(社会科学版)

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.603
ISSN:1674-7356
年,卷(期):2024.16(1)
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