预防性环境民事公益诉讼中"重大风险"之司法认定
Judicial Determination of"Significant Risk"in Preventive Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation
姜春洪 1张硕1
作者信息
摘要
预防性环境民事公益诉讼制度承载着风险防控的价值理念,在环境保护的法治建设中被寄予重大期望.该类诉讼的启动以"重大风险"的认定为前提,但由于当前司法实践中"重大风险"的认定呈现出认定范式尚未统一以及司法者能动性不足的实践样态,无益于该制度的落地实效."重大风险"的内涵不明、证明责任的规则阙如及传统司法观念与新制度间的非契合性已然成为该制度的病灶.因而,有必要通过厘清"重大风险"概念内涵、完善实然法上的证明责任制度、弥合传统司法观念与新制度之间罅隙,真正发挥预防性环境民事公益诉讼的前端预防优势.
Abstract
The preventive environmental civil public interest litigation system embodies the value of risk prevention and is highly anticipated in the construction of the rule of law in environmental protection.However,since the initiation of such litigation is premised on the existence of"signifi-cant risk,"current judicial practice shows a lack of a unified identification paradigm and insuffi-cient judicial initiative,which hinders the effective implementation of the system.The unclear con-notation of"significant risk,"the absence of proof burden rules,and the mismatch between tradi-tional judicial concepts and the new system have become the maladies.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the connotation of"significant risk,"construct the proof burden system in positive law,and bridge the gap between traditional judicial concepts and the new system to truly leverage the pre-ventive advantages of preventive environmental civil public interest litigation.
关键词
预防性环境民事公益诉讼/重大风险/司法认定Key words
preventive environmental civil public interest litigation/significant risk/judicial deter-mination引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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