Railway in Modern Times and Commercial Transformation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region
In the Qing dynasty,the long-distance trafficking trade in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region continued to develop and occu-pied an important hub position in the northern market connectivity.Related to this,the commerce in Beijing,Tianjin,Zhangjiak-ou and other cities developed obviously in the Qing dynasty.After the opening of Tianjin,the initial development of import and ex-port trade promoted the further prosperity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei business.Then,the first standard gauge freight railway built by Chinese appeared in Hebei,which opened the revolution of land transportation mode in China.In 1895,the Qing government issued an imperial edict,which emphasized that"railways are an important affair for trade and benefiting workers",and China be-gan the upsurge of establishing railways.Railway transportation is safe,rapid,large,cheap and less affected by climate,which has obvious advantages over the old modes of transportation such as livestock transportation and water transportation.After the de-velopment of North China Railway,it soon became the main undertaker of transportation from Tianjin and other trading ports to the mainland.At the end of the Qing dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China,the transformation of logistics mode led by the development of railway transportation effectively promoted the commercial transformation of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,which was characterized by extroversion and modernity.
railway in modern timeslogistics mode reformcommercial transformation of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
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