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温度和授粉影响东北蒲公英花开闭的初步研究

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东北蒲公英(Taraxacum ohwianum Kitam.)花序重复开放3~4 d后,就永久性闭合.其授粉与否对花的寿命影响不大,但授粉过程会加速花朵闭合,减少花朵展示时间.温度和授粉均影响花朵开闭,东北蒲公英在20℃左右保持开放状态,低于15℃花序开始闭合.小花开放数量以及天气情况都会影响昆虫种类和数量,从而进一步影响花朵闭合进程;授粉过程可大大缩短花朵展示时间,平均减少4 h/d左右.传粉昆虫数量越多、温度越高,花朵闭合进程就越快.
Preliminary Study on Effects of Temperature and Pollination on Flower Opening and Closing of Taraxacum ohwianum
The inflorescence of Taraxacum ohwianum Kitam.opened and closed repeatedly for 3 to 4 days,then permanently closed.Pollination or unpollination has little impact on floral longevity;but pollination accelerated flower closure thus reduced the show time.Temperature and pollination can affect flower opening and closing.The capitula opened at about 20 ℃ and closed at 15 ℃.Florets quantity and weather condition would affect the insect species and quantity,so further affect the close process.Pollination process can greatly reduce the show time (about 4 h/d).The more pollinators and the higher temperature is,the faster the closure process of flowers.

Taraxacum ohwianum Kitam.flower-opening and closingtemperaturepollinationfitness

张建、周存宇、费永俊

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长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434025

东北蒲公英(Taraxacum ohwianum Kitam.) 花开闭 温度 授粉 适合度

国家科技支撑计划项目

2006BAC18B04-1-1

2016

湖北农业科学
湖北省农业科学院 华中农业大学 长江大学 黄冈师范学院

湖北农业科学

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.442
ISSN:0439-8114
年,卷(期):2016.55(4)
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