低地力下施氮量对直播和移栽油菜产量和经济效益的影响
Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Economic Benefit of Direct-Sowing and Transplanting Rapeseed under Low Soil Fertility
王少华 1刘涛 2周雄 1任涛 2李小坤 2鲁剑巍2
作者信息
- 1. 湖北省武穴市农业局,湖北 武穴435400
- 2. 华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070
- 折叠
摘要
为了探究低地力下直播和移栽油菜(Brassica napus L.)氮肥施用效果和适宜施氮量,设8个施氮处理(0、45、90、135、180、225、270、360 kg/hm2),研究直播和移栽条件下施氮量对油菜产量和经济效益的影响.结果表明,低地力条件下,直播和移栽油菜不施氮处理产量分别仅为140 kg/hm2和613 kg/hm2;当施氮量分别为206.0 kg/hm2和249.2 kg/hm2时达到最高产量,最高产量分别为2525 kg/hm2和2899 kg/hm2.施氮显著提高了直播和移栽油菜的产值和纯收益,当施氮量超过270 kg/hm2后不再增加.相较于移栽油菜,直播油菜产值虽然平均降低了1347元/hm2,但纯收益却增加了482元/hm2.低地力条件下,直播油菜依然能节省43.2 kg/hm2氮肥,提高纯收益最高达972元/hm2.
Abstract
To investigate nitrogen application effects and suitable N application rate of direct-sowing and transplanting rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)under low soil fertility condition,8 different N levels(0,45,90,135,180,225,270 and 360 kg/hm2)were set,and the effects of N application rates on rapeseed yield and economic benefit were studied under direct-sowing and trans-planting. The results showed that,under low soil fertility condition,the yield of direct-sowing and transplanting rapeseed with-out N fertilizer were only 140 kg/hm2and 613 kg/hm2,respectively; the maximum yields were reached when N application rates were 206.0 kg/hm2and 249.2 kg/hm2,respectively, and the maximum yields were 2 525 kg/hm2and 2 899 kg/hm2,re-spectively.The output value and net profit of direct-sowing and transplanting rapeseed were significantly increased by N fertil-ization and no longer increased when the nitrogen application rate exceeded 270 kg/hm2. The output value of direct-sowing rape-seed decreased by 1 347 yuan/hm2on average compared with transplanting rapeseed, but the net profit was increased by 482 CNY/hm2. Direct-sowing rape could save 43.2 kg/hm2N fertilizer and increased net profit up to 972 CNY/hm2under low soil fertility condition.
关键词
低地力/油菜(BrassicanapusL.)/直播/移栽/氮肥用量/产量/经济效益Key words
low soil fertility/rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)/direct-sowing/transplanting/N application rate/yield/econom-ic benefit引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662017JC010)
国家油菜产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12)
出版年
2018
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据