Using 168 strains from 16 geographical populations of camellia anthracis fungus(Colletotrichum camelliae Abel.),a domi-nant species of camellia anthracis in the main camellia producing areas of China,as the test materials,ISSR molecular marker technol-ogy was used to analyze genetic diversity and population genetic structure.The percentage of polymorphic loci(PPB)for 16 geographi-cal populations was 98.99%,the Nei's gene diversity index(He)was 0.28,the Shannon information diversity index(Is)was 0.43,the average genetic similarity(I)was 0.834,and the average genetic distance(D)was 0.183.This indicated that the genetic diversity level and heterogeneity of camellia anthracis fungus were high,and there was a certain degree of genetic variation among populations.There was no correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance.The total genetic diversity(Ht),genetic differentiation coefficient(Gst),and gene flow(Nm)of the five provincial-level populations in Hubei,Zhejiang,Jiangxi,Hunan,and Guangxi provinces were 0.274 8,0.517 4,and 0.466 4,respectively.This indicated that although the five provincial-level populations of ca-mellia anthracis fungus were differentiated,there was no gene flow phenomenon(Nm<1).
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