Study on the safety evaluation of snake venom wine from Deinagkistrodon acutus
The haemorrhagic,oedema,muscular,hepatic and renal toxicity of Deinagkistrodon acutus snake venom wine(DSVW)were systematically evaluated,providing reference for the safe production and application of DSVW.Fresh venom of Deinagkistrodon acutus was taken and concocted with sorghum wine to obtain DSVW;DSVW was injected subcutaneously in a mouse model to study the acute toxicity of haemorrhage,oedema,and muscular toxicity,and the chronic toxicity to liver and kidney tissues was studied by oral administration for 21 d.The results showed that none of the mice injected with DSVW(5 mg/mL)had obvious haemorrhages on the dorsal skin(≤2.4 cm2),there was no significant difference in the weight gain of mice calves from the blank control group,the cre-atine kinase was(0.32±0.03)U/mL,which was not significantly different from that of the CK group(0.34±0.02)U/mL,and there was no significant acute haemorrhagic,oedema,and muscular toxicity of DSVW;the serum urea,creatinine,alanine aminotransferase and glutamine aminotransferase of DSVW gavaged[0.024 mg/(g·d)]mice were(6.04±0.83)μmol/L,(13.00±2.93)mmol/L,(36.67±9.29)U/L,and(89.67±7.09)U/L,respectively,which were not significantly different from those of CK group,and the body weights,renal-liver mass,liver and kidney/body weight,liver and kidney histopathological sections were not significantly different,and DSVW did not have significant chronic hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity.The absence of haemorrhagic,oedema,muscular,hepat-ic and renal toxicity of DSVW obtained by concoction provided a theoretical basis for the safe production and use of Deinagkistrodon acutus snake venom wine.
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