摘要
系统评价尖吻蝮蛇蛇毒酒(Deinagkistrodon acutus snake venom wine,DSVW)的出血、水肿、肌肉、肝肾毒性,为DSVW的安全生产和运用提供参考.取尖吻蝮蛇的新鲜蛇毒,加入高粱酒炮制获得DSVW;运用小鼠模型皮下注射DSVW研究出血、水肿、肌肉毒性等急性毒性,通过口服21d研究其对肝、肾组织的慢性毒性.结果表明,DSVW注射(5 mg/mL)的小鼠背部皮肤都没有明显的出血点(≤2.4 cm2),小鼠小腿增重与空白对照组无显著差异,肌酸激酶为(0.32±0.03)U/mL与CK组(0.34±0.02)U/mL无显著差异,DSVW无显著的急性出血、水肿、肌肉毒性;DSVW灌胃[0.024 mg/(g·d)]的小鼠血清尿素、肌酐、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶分别为(6.04±0.83)μmol/L、(13.00±2.93)mmol/L、(36.67±9.29)U/L、(89.67±7.09)U/L,与CK组无显著差异,且体重、肾肝质量、肝肾/体重、肝肾组织病理切片均无显著差异,DSVW无显著的慢性肝、肾毒性.经炮制获得的DSVW的无出血、水肿、肌肉、肝肾毒性,为尖吻蝮蛇蛇毒酒安全生产和使用提供了理论依据.
Abstract
The haemorrhagic,oedema,muscular,hepatic and renal toxicity of Deinagkistrodon acutus snake venom wine(DSVW)were systematically evaluated,providing reference for the safe production and application of DSVW.Fresh venom of Deinagkistrodon acutus was taken and concocted with sorghum wine to obtain DSVW;DSVW was injected subcutaneously in a mouse model to study the acute toxicity of haemorrhage,oedema,and muscular toxicity,and the chronic toxicity to liver and kidney tissues was studied by oral administration for 21 d.The results showed that none of the mice injected with DSVW(5 mg/mL)had obvious haemorrhages on the dorsal skin(≤2.4 cm2),there was no significant difference in the weight gain of mice calves from the blank control group,the cre-atine kinase was(0.32±0.03)U/mL,which was not significantly different from that of the CK group(0.34±0.02)U/mL,and there was no significant acute haemorrhagic,oedema,and muscular toxicity of DSVW;the serum urea,creatinine,alanine aminotransferase and glutamine aminotransferase of DSVW gavaged[0.024 mg/(g·d)]mice were(6.04±0.83)μmol/L,(13.00±2.93)mmol/L,(36.67±9.29)U/L,and(89.67±7.09)U/L,respectively,which were not significantly different from those of CK group,and the body weights,renal-liver mass,liver and kidney/body weight,liver and kidney histopathological sections were not significantly different,and DSVW did not have significant chronic hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity.The absence of haemorrhagic,oedema,muscular,hepat-ic and renal toxicity of DSVW obtained by concoction provided a theoretical basis for the safe production and use of Deinagkistrodon acutus snake venom wine.
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