Evaluation and Optimization of Urban Flood Emergency Response Capacit
Under the background of climate change and globalization,extreme precipitation events and flood disasters caused by them occur frequently.In order to accurately assess the urban emergency service level under the influence of rainstorm and waterlogging,an urban waterlogging model was built based on InfoWorks ICM.Under the scenarios of differ-ent flood and evening peak speed,the fastest path method in ArcGIS was used to evaluate the spatial accessibility of medi-cal,public security,and fire protection.The Gini coefficient was used to evaluate the rationality of the distribution of emer-gency departments,represented by kindergartens,and the maximum coverage algorithm was used to optimize the distribu-tion of emergency stations.The results show that the Gini coefficient of emergency departments relative to kindergartens in-creases with the increase of rainfall return period,indicating that the lack of emergency response resources is increasing.Before optimization,the distribution of emergency response departments was unreasonable,and the accessible areas within 15 minutes could not meet the rescue requirements.The lack of emergency response resources in the research area was rela-tively serious compared to kindergartens,and the lack of medical emergency response was the most prominent.After opti-mization,the Gini coefficient of emergency response departments for kindergartens has generally decreased to below 0.400,resulting in a more reasonable distribution of emergency response resources,and a significant increase in the scope of emer-gency response.The research shows that the accessibility evaluation and optimization method for urban emergency response based on flood scenario simulation has important scientific value and significance,and can provide important reference for urban flood disaster emergency response in China.
万方数据
维普
