Objective To investigate the occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis in railway workers and to analyze its influencing factors,thus providing evidence for primordial prevention and primary prevention of atherosclerosis.Methods A total of 2,689 railway workers were enrolled from June 2022 to March 2023.Based on the results of carotid ultrasound,they were divided into two groups:the normal carotid group(control group)and the carotid atherosclerosis group(including carotid intima-media thickening and carotid plaque groups).Gender,age,body mass index(BMI),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),homocysteine(Hcy),and the presence of fatty liver were compared between the two groups.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the influencing factors for carotid atherosclerosis.Results Among the 2,689 participants,783(29.1%)cases were detected with carotid atherosclerosis.The incidence of carotid atherosclerosis was significantly higher in males than that of females(P<0.05),which increased with aging(P<0.05).Significant differences were found between the control group and the carotid atherosclerosis group in BMI,SBP,DBP,LDL-C,TC,TG,Hcy,and the presence of fatty liver among different carotid ultrasound results(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that gender,age,SBP,and LDL-C were risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis(P<0.05).Conclusion Due to the specific nature of their job responsibilities,the detection rate of carotid atherosclerosis in workers from this railway company is higher than that reported in domestic literatures.Gender,age,SBP,and LDL-C are influencing factors for carotid atherosclerosis.Health education and intervention should be provided to railway workers,and regular medical examinations should be conducted to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
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