Application of ultrasonography in the measurement of carotid artery plaque angle and its correlation with neovascularization
Objective To investigate the application of ultrasonography in the measurement of carotid artery plaque angle and its correlation with neovascularization,improve the prediction accuracy of stroke risk in patients with carotid artery stenosis(CAS),and provide scientific basis for the personalized treatment.Methods A total of 148 patients with carotid atherosclerotic soft plaques admitted from April 2019 to April 2023 were selected as the subjects.They were divided into cerebral infarction group(n=63)and non-cerebral infarction group(n=85)according to their disease types.Ultrasonography was performed in patients of both groups.Carotid artery plaque angle,soft plaque thickness and carotid artery area stenosis rate were calculated with linear array probe.Carotid artery plaque removal was performed in both groups.The detection rate of neovascularization in both groups was examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between carotid artery plaque angle and neovascularization.Results There were no significant differences in plaque thickness and plaque area between cerebral infarction group and non-cerebral infarction group(P＞0.05).The proximal plaque angle in cerebral infarction group was significantly greater than that of non-cerebral infarction group(P＜0.05).The detection rate of neovascularization was measured by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in both groups.The results showed that 46 and 22 cases of neovascularization were detected in patients with cerebral infarction and non-cerebral infarction group,respectively.The detection rate of neovascularization was significantly higher in the cerebral infarction group thanthat of non-cerebral infarction group(73.02%vs 25.88%,P＜0.05).Pearson correlation results showed that the detection rate of neovascularization in patients with carotid atherosclerotic soft plaque was not correlated with plaque thickness and plaque area(P＞0.05),but positively correlated with the angle of the plaque at proximal end(P＜0.05).Conclusion Ultrasonography in patients with carotid atherosclerotic soft plaque can accurately measure the angle and thickness of plaque,and there is a strong correlation with neovascularization.Through it,we can better understand the biological behavior of plaques and provide scientific basis for the prevention and clinical treatment of stroke.Ultrasonography can predict and evaluate the vulnerability of plaque,worthy of clinical treatment.
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