Expressions of miR-19a,miR-21 and miR-29c in multiple myelomas and their clinical significances
Objective To investigate the expression levels of microRNA-19a(miR-19a),microRNA-21(miR-21),and microRNA-29c(miR-29c)in multiple myelomas(MM)and their clinical significances.Methods Between May 2022 and July 2023,28 patients initially diagnosed with MM were included in the MM group,while 9 healthy donors(HD)without malignant hematological diseases were included in the control group.Expression levels of miR-19a,miR-21,and miR-29c in bone marrow plasma and peripheral serum were detected in MM patients by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The diagnostic value of the three miRNAs was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Correlations of hemoglobin,serum albumin,globulin,β2-microglobulin,serum calcium,serum creatinine,lactate dehydrogenase,M protein,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),lymphocyte subsets,and clinical stages of MM with the three miRNAs were analyzed using Spearman's correlation.Results Serum miR-19a,miR-21,and miR-29c levels were significantly lower in the MM group than the HD group,while those in the bone marrow were significantly higher in the MM group(P＜0.05).MiR-19a,miR-21 and miR-29c were all negatively correlated with hs-CRP levels(r=-0.6220,P=0.0201;r=-0.6659,P=0.0113;r=-0.5429,P=0.0479.There was a positive correlation of miR-21 and miR-29c with globulin(r=0.5692,P=0.0366;r=0.5385,P=0.0500),and a positive correlation of miR-21 and miR-29c with M protein(r=0.5938,P=0.0282;r=0.5497,P=0.0449).In addition,miR-21 was positively correlated with CD+8 lymphocyte subsets(r=0.6132,P=0.0224)and negatively correlated with CD4+/CD8+(r=-0.5780,P=0.0333).MiR-29c was positively correlated with CD8+(r=0.5516,P=0.0438).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of serum miR-19a,miR-21 and miR-29c was 0.8492,0.8889 and 0.8413,respectively,and the AUC of the three combined to diagnose MM was 0.9683.AUC of miR-19a,miR-21 and miR-29c in bone marrow was 0.8788,0.8636 and 0.9091,respectively.The AUC of the three combined in the diagnosis of MM in bone marrow could not be calculated.Conclusion MiR-19a,miR-21,and miR-29c levels are low in the serum and high in the bone marrow of newly diagnosed MM patients.These three miRNAs can effectively differentiate MM from HD in both the serum and bone marrow.However,combining serum levels of these miRNAs is more valuable for diagnosing MM,serving as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for MM.
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