The Distribution Characteristics and Migration Rules of Heavy Metals around Abandoned Coal Mines in Anyuan District,Pingxiang
The distribution characteristics and migration patterns of heavy metals around an abandoned coal mine in Anyuan district,Pingxiang City were identified.Samples of coal gangue,sediment,soil,groundwater,and surface water were collected and analyzed for heavy metal content.Evaluation methods included the single-factor pollution index and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index.The results show that relative to the background values of soil elements in Jiangxi Province,coal gangue is enriched in Cd,Hg,Cu,Ni,and Zn;sediments are enriched in Cd,Hg,As,Cu,Ni,and Zn;and soil is enriched in Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Cu,and Ni.Groundwater and surface water exhibit weak acid weak alkaline and weak alkaline properties,respectively,and both meet the corresponding Class Ⅲ water standards.The single factor pollution index evaluation results show that Ni,Cd,and Cu in coal gangue,Cd and Hg in sediment,and Cd and Ni in soil belong to severe pollution.Pb in groundwater is slightly polluted,while heavy metal elements in surface water are classified as unpolluted.The Nemerow com-prehensive pollution index suggests that soil,sediments,and coal gangue are heavily polluted,groundwater is mildly polluted,and surface water iswarning-grade degree.Within a certain range,as the distance from coal gangue increases,the Cd and Ni content in sediment and the Cd,Hg,and Pb content in soil show an overall up-ward trend,indicating that the heavy metal content in sediment and soil is mainly influenced by coal gangue.
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