Genetic Improvement Effects of Summer Cotton Varieties in Henan Province During 1986-2022
This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of summer cotton vari-eties in Henan Province.Based on the trials data of 43 summer cotton varieties approved by Henan Province from 1986 to 2022,the effects of genetic improvement on earliness,yield,fiber quality and disease resistance of summer cotton varieties in Henan province were analyzed.The results indicated that a great genetic progress in earliness,yield,fiber quality had been achieved by breeding programs.The yield potential of seed cotton,lint and lint before frost increased at the rates of 142.110 kg/hm2,70.119 kg/hm2 and 70.121 kg/hm2 in each pe-riod,respectively.At the same time,the maturity was shortened by 40-15 days.The yield increase of varieties was mainly accounted for the improvements of bolls per plant and lint percentage.As for the fiber quality,fiber elongation and fiber strength increased at the average rate of 0.083 mm and 0.407 cN/tex in each period,re-spectively.The Micronaire value revealed a rising trend.The indexes of Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt in-creased at the average rate of 1.015 and 2.233 in each period,respectively,which showed that their resistance to these diseases needed to be further improved.
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