Genetic Diversity Analysis of Six Agronomic Traits of 180 Wheat Varieties in Huanghuai Wheat Region
Analyzing the genetic diversity of wheat varieties in the Huanghuai wheat region,classifying and screening varieties with excellent agronomic traits,can provide basic materials for expanding the genetic basis of wheat varieties in Huanghuai wheat region and cultivating breakthrough new varieties.Using 180 wheat varieties approved from Huanghuai wheat region as the research population,the variation analysis,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis were conducted on six important agronomic traits.The results of variation analysis showed that the variation coefficient(CV)of plant height was the smallest(5.76％),indicating that the differences in plant height among the tested varieties were relatively small.The improvement of plant height reached the bottleneck period,and it is difficult to be shortened.The CV of the number of sterile spikelets was the highest(41.58％),indicating a large potential for improvement,which can effectively improve seed setting.The correlation analysis results showed that there was a highly significant positive correlation be-tween spike length and the number of spikelets and grains per spike(r=0.546 and 0.323,respectively),a highly significant positive correlation between the number of spikelets per spike and the number of grains per spike(r=0.338),a significant negative correlation between wheat plant height and the number of sterile spikelets(r=-0.213),a significant negative correlation between the number of spikelets per spike and the num-ber of effective tillers per plant(r=-0.242),and a highly significant negative correlation between the number of sterile spikelets and the number of grains per spike(r=-0.361).The number of grains per spike was signifi-cantly negatively correlated with the number of effective tillers per plant(r=-0.364).The clustering analysis results showed that 180 test materials were divided into five groups:the first group included 57 varieties,with the highest average spike length and grain number,and an average CV of 15.5％for 6 agronomic traits.The second group included 25 varieties,with the lowest average spike length,number of spikelets per spike,num-ber of sterile spikelets,and effective tillering per plant,and an average CV of 12.87％for 6 agronomic traits.The third group included 54 varieties,with the highest average plant height and the lowest number of grains per spike,and the average CV of 6 agronomic traits was 12.66％.The fourth group included 34 varieties,with the highest average effective tillering number per plant,and an average CV of 10.39％for 6 agronomic traits.The fifth group included 10 varieties,with the highest average number of spikelets per spike and sterile spikelets,and an average CV of 15.51％for 6 agronomic traits.180 wheat varieties have significant variation in agronomic traits and rich genetic diversity.Among them,there are 57 wheat varieties in the first group,which have the best agronomic traits and can be used as backbone parental materials in wheat breeding in combina-tion with breeding objectives.There are a total of 123 wheat varieties in the other 4 groups,some of which have excellent agronomic traits and can be used as donor parents to improve another breeding material for a certain suboptimal trait.
万方数据
维普
