Study on East-west Ridge Cultivation Mode of Tomatoes in Solar Greenhouses in Tangshan
In order to solve the problems of unfavorable mechanized operation and high labor costs in the north-south ridge cultivation mode in a solar greenhouse,the traditional tomato variety in Tangshan was used as the material under the planting density of 3.3 plants/m2 of spring tomato in a solar greenhouse double row plant-ing in the east-west ridge with a plant spacing of 35.0 cm,a ridge spacing of 120 cm and a row spacing of 20 cm on the ridge,single row planting in the east-west ridge with a plant spacing of 17.5 cm and a row spacing of 120 cm,double row planting in the north-south ridge with a plant spacing of 30.0 cm,a ridge spacing of 30 cm and a row spacing of 20 cm on the ridge,and single row planting in the north-south ridge with a plant spacing of 15.0 cm and a ridge spacing of 30 cm(traditional planting mode,CK)were tested.The effects of different ridge direction and planting methods on the agronomic traits,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),yield and labor costs of ridging and planting were analyzed.The results showed that compared with the north-south ridge cultivation,the east-west ridge cultivation mode significantly increased the single inflorescence of tomatoes and the plants entered the initial flowering period earlier.Among them the effect of single row planting was better than that of double row planting.During the fruiting and harvesting stages the Pn significantly in-creased with leaf area and Pn significantly being higher in the single row planting and harvesting stage compared to other treatments.During the mature stage the stem thickness and the distance between two fruits significantly increased with the effect of single row planting being better than that of double row planting.The yield increased but there was no significant difference compared to CK with the effect of single row planting being better than that of double row planting.The hours of labors for ridge setting-planting signifi-cantly reduced and the cost was 8.8％of the north-south ridge cultivation mode.The correlation analysis results showed that the yield per unit area of tomato was significantly positively correlated with Pn and stem thickness during the harvesting period and extremely significantly positively correlated with the spacing between two fruits during the harvesting period.In the solar greenhouse of Tangshan the east-west ridge cultivation mode of tomato is feasible and the single row planting mode is better than the double row planting mode.
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