In recent years,the wide-spread phenomenon of social orphans in Russia has become an increasingly important issue of political and social concern.At the end of the twentieth century,the socio-political and economic changes that took place in Russia led to a serious economic recession,lack of livelihoods,social unrest,a generalized downturn in social sentiments,and the gradual erosion of Russians'concept of the family,which triggered the family crisis and has seriously weakened the willingness and ability of raising and educating children for the family,which is viewed as the most important social unit,to raise and educate children.The phenomenon has led to a steady increase in the number of social orphans,which has seriously exacerbated the difficulties of overcoming the demographic crisis in Russia.In recent years,for preventing and resolving the problem of social orphans,the Russian Government has been actively building a system for the prevention of social orphanhood and has taken measures to place social orphans and to guarantee their right to existence and development.At present,while Russia has achieved significant results in overcoming the consequences of social orphanhood,there is a need to further enhance the measures of preventing the spread of social orphans from its root causes.