In this paper,the reasons for the difficulty in blast furnace smelting under low sintering ratio and measures to improve the permeability of the burden are analyzed through the differences in the metallurgical properties of the raw materials entering furnace,the corresponding relationship between the actual production of blast furnace and the melt-drop-ping property of the burden structure.The performance of alkaline pellets and their impact on the melt-dropping property of the burden structure are studied in the lab.The results show that the significant increase in the proportion of acidic pellets entering the furnace and the significant difference in their soft melting performance compared to high basicity sinter are the main reasons for the poor permeability of the blast furnace during the limited production period,the alkaline ite has excellent compressive strength and metallurgical performance,it can greatly optimize the soft melting performance of furnace material,which is a feasible measure to improve the air permeability of blast furnace material with low combustion ratio.