首页|基于法象思维探究《伤寒杂病论》中大黄的应用

基于法象思维探究《伤寒杂病论》中大黄的应用

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法象思维是历代医家阐述药物功效和指导临床用药的基本思维,萌生于中国古代医药实践之中,其存在有助于现代中医药工作者认识、理解古代医家用药思路和经验.从法象思维探究张仲景《伤寒杂病论》中大黄的应用规律可知,大黄根及根茎入药,质地重浊,色黄,产于高寒之地,锦纹条理纵横,二月、八月采收,性苦寒、味浓厚,有向下生长之象而法于冬时沉藏,入于脾胃,形似肢节、筋肉,锦纹又似血脉经络,采收时禀受四时气,性走不守,故大黄有泻下攻积、平胃下气、荡涤肠胃,决壅开塞、通利肢节,清热泻火、凉血解毒、活血逐瘀通经,调中化食、安和五脏,利湿退黄、祛痰逐饮等功效.
Application of Dahuang(Rhubarb)in Shang Han Za Bing Lun Based on Faxiang(Image)Thinking
Faxiang thinking is the basic thinking of medical practitioners in the past generations to explain the efficacy of medicines and guide the clinical use of medicines,which was born in the practice of Chinese medicine in ancient times,and its existence is helpful for the modern practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine to recognize and understand the thinking and experience of ancient medical practitioners in the use of medicines.From the Faxiang thinking to explore the law of Zhang Zhongjing's application of Dahuang(Rhu-barb)in Shang Han Za Bing Lun,it can be seen as follows:the root and rhizome of rhubarb can be used as drug,the texture of which is heavy and dense.It is yellow in color and is produced in the high and cold area.the line pattern is longitudinal and transverse,when harvested in February or August.It is bitterly cold in character with strong flavor.There is an image of downward growth and sedimenta-tion in winter.It functions into the Spleen and Stomach,like limbs,tendons and flesh in shape.The line pattern is like the blood meridi-ans and colleratels.When harvested,it endows the Qi of the four seasons,with the nature of being active as a drug.Therefore,rhubarb has the functions of encouraging diarrhea and attacking accumulation,calming the Stomach and lowering Qi,purging the Intestine and Stomach,opening up congestion,facilitating the limbs and joints,clearing away Heat and Fire,cooling the blood and detoxifying,invigor-ating the blood,removing blood stasis and regulating menstruation,regulating the Middle Jiao and transforming the food to settle down the Five Zang,inducing Ddampness and eliminating yellowish skin color,dispelling Phlegm and stagnated Water within body.

Dahuang(Rhubarb)Faxiang(Image)ThinkingShang Han Za Bing LunZhang Zhongjing

孔令源、宋晓宾、吴宏赟

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山东中医药大学,山东济南 250355

山东中医药大学附属医院,山东济南 250011

大黄 法象思维 《伤寒杂病论》 张仲景

2025

中医学报
河南中医药大学,中华中医药学会

中医学报

影响因子:1.264
ISSN:1674-8999
年,卷(期):2025.40(1)