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人口治理现代化视域下生育支持政策的偏离与矫治

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我国生育支持政策的调整和优化应置于人口治理现代化的时代语境下.当前,受制于尚未充分开发利用我国人口治理现代化的特征与优势,且在实际执行中存在政策主体与客体之间的认知偏离及对当代青年婚育观念与社会心态转变这一重要现实的关注不足等因素,生育支持政策的执行效果未达预期.为此,生育支持政策可能的矫治路径如下:一是顶层制度设计层面,应尽快完成从"人口数量论"转变为"人口发展论"的战略定位,确立以生育养育质量稳步提升、新时代婚育观念科学引导、家庭发展友好型环境持续优化及代际共融有效促进等中长期政策目标的组合实现作为生育支持政策评估标准的总体改革方向,以此引导与规范社会公众的意识与行为.二是体制机制创新层面,应充分依靠我国"一核多元"共治型主体结构的治理效能,开发利用当前区域生育率水平存在梯度差异的特征,为我国生育率的整体提升提供腾挪空间,瞄准推动"目标人群"的生育意愿转化,尽快将人口治理制度优势转化为生育治理效能.三是文化观念宣扬层面,应直面当前青年群体的婚育困境,始终保持与青年对话的立场,强调婚育在社会、家庭、个人层面的价值统合,并以新型婚育文化引领和呼唤当代青年的责任感与使命感.
Deviation and Rectification of Fertility Support Policy from the Perspective of Population Governance Modernization
The adjustment of China's fertility support policies should be contextualized within population governance modernization.Current policy implementation falls short of expectations,partly due to underutilization of China's modernized population governance advantages and cognitive dissonance between policy subjects and objects,coupled with insufficient attention to evolving youth attitudes towards marriage and fertility and social mindset transformation.This paper proposes rectification paths.At the institutional level,a swift transition from"population quantity theory"to"population development theory"is needed.Policy evaluation standards should be established based on improving childrearing quality,guiding new-era fertility concepts,optimizing family-friendly environments,and promoting intergenerational integration.At the level of institutional mechanism innovation,we should leverage China's"one core,multi-element"governance structure and regional fertility disparities to enhance overall fertility rates,targeting and promoting the conversion of fertility intentions among the childbearing population,transforming the advantages of population governance system into the effectiveness of fertility governance as soon as possible.At the level of promoting cultural concepts,we should address youth fertility challenges through continuous dialogue,emphasizing the integrated value of marriage and childbearing across societal,familial,and individual levels,while appealing to youth's sense of responsibility through new cultural narratives on marriage and fertility.

population governancefertility support policyconcepts of marriage and childbearingpractice deviationrectification path

宋靓珺、骆潇蔓

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复旦大学发展研究院,上海 200433

复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院,上海 200433

人口治理 生育支持政策 婚育观念 实践偏离 矫治路径

研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社会科学基金重大项目

23ZDA102

2024

河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
河海大学

河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.055
ISSN:1671-4970
年,卷(期):2024.26(5)