摘要
油轮、钻井平台和油井的原油泄漏,造成石油类污染物进入海域并引起海洋生态环境恶化.采用化学改性的方法制备磁性疏水浒苔吸油材料.采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱和接触角测量对不同改性阶段浒苔的形貌、化学组成和润湿性进行了表征.浒苔经过多巴胺和十二硫醇改性后,对水滴的接触角约131.4°,对油的接触角约为0°,展现出优异的疏水和亲油特性.模拟海洋表面石油污染实验数据分析,发现改性后的浒苔对原油的最大吸附量为7.4 g/g,表现出优异的吸油能力.模拟石油污染沙滩实验表明:改性浒苔对粗砂粒表面附油的吸附率达到78.4％,说明疏水磁性浒苔在油污治理方面具有很高的价值和潜力.
Abstract
The leakage of crude oil from oil tankers,drilling platforms,and oil wells causes oil pollutants to enter the sea and results in the deterioration of the marine ecological environment.In this paper,magnetic hydrophobic Ulva prolifera oil absorption materials were prepared by chemical modification method.The morphology,chemical composition,and wettability of Ulva prolifera at different modification stages were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and contact angle measurement.After modification with dopamine and dodecanethiol,the contact angle of water and oil of Ulva prolifera was about 131.4° and 0°,respectively,showing excellent hydrophobic and lipophilic properties.The maximum adsorption capacity of the modified Ulva prolifera for crude oil was 7.4 g/g,showing an excellent oil absorption capacity.Simulated oil-contaminated beach experiments illustrated that the adsorption rate of modified Ulva prolifera to the oil attached on the surface of coarse sand particles reached 78.4％,indicating that the hydrophobic magnetic Ulva prolifera has high value and potential in oil pollution control.
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