首页|飞行器用氧化硅气凝胶及其复合材料的防掉粉性能进展

飞行器用氧化硅气凝胶及其复合材料的防掉粉性能进展

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氧化硅气凝胶作为气凝胶中最成熟的耐高温高效隔热材料,广泛应用于航空航天、国防军工等领域,但由于其脆性、柔韧性能严重不足的本征特点,导致材料在冲击振动载荷下,往往会产生不同程度的掉粉掉渣现象,甚至直接破碎进而完全失去功能,极大地劣化了氧化硅气凝胶的隔热性能,并严重限制了材料的实际应用.因此,如何改善氧化硅气凝胶防掉粉性能已经成为目前的热点问题.文章介绍了提升氧化硅气凝胶柔韧性的国内外最新研究进展,系统阐述了近年来提升防掉粉性能即提高氧化硅气凝胶柔韧性能的主要可行策略,以期解决该材料长久以来存在掉粉掉渣等缺陷问题.最后,根据各主流改性方法的优势,展望了提升氧化硅气凝胶防掉粉性能的发展趋势.
Progress on Anti-Powder-Peeling Performance of Silica Aerogels and Their Composites for Aircraft
As the most mature high-temperature resistant and high-efficiency thermal insulation material in aerogel,silica aerogel is widely used in aerospace,national defense and military industries,but due to its intrinsic characteristics of brittleness and flexibility,resulting in completely losing function derived from the phenomena of powder-peeling and residue-peeling even direct crushing under the impact and vibration loading conditions,further degrading the thermally in-sulating performance of silica aerogels and obviously limiting its practical application.Therefore,how to promote the anti-powder-peeling performance of silica aerogels has currently become a hot topic.The latest research progress at home and abroad to improve the flexibility of silica aerogels is introduced,and the main feasible strategies to improve the anti-powder-peeling performance of silica aerogels in recent years are systematically expounded,in order to solve the practical problems of the material for a long time,such as powder-peeling and residue-peeling of silica aerogels.Ultimately the re-view prospects the development trends of silica aerogels in further enhancing anti-powder-peeling performance domain.

silica aerogelskeleton enhancementanti-powder-peelingflexiblemechanical strength

武晓阳、张思钊、刘淳

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江西理工大学国际创新研究院飞行器空间环境热控技术实验室,江西南昌 330013

氧化硅气凝胶 骨架增强 防掉粉性能 柔韧性 力学强度

2024

海军航空大学学报
海军航空工程学院科研部

海军航空大学学报

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.279
ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.39(6)