Bird Diversity and Conservation Strategies in Huai'an Baima Lake Wetland
In order to research bird diversity of Baima Lake Wetland in Huai'an,the bird species,quantity,community diversity,and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of Baima Lake National Wetland Park had been investigated from 2020 to 2021.Based on investigation and historical data,210 bird species were recorded in the national wetland park,including 34 species of national protected birds and 7 species listed as vulnerable or above in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.From the perspective of residential type,winter migratory birds was the dominant group with 71 species(33.81％).From the perspective of fauna distribution,birds from the ancient northern boundary had an absolute advantage with 124 species(59.05％).From the perspective of ecological groups,songbirds was the main group with 88 species(41.90％),followed by waterbirds(migratory and wading birds)with 84 species(40.00％).Based on investigation data,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H')of bird communities were 3.24,and the Pielou evenness index(J)were 0.63,both of which were at a relatively high level.The autumn migration period and overwintering period were periods with a higher number of bird species and populations.The lake habitat in the middle of the wetland park with less human interference was a concentrated distribution area for birds.Based on the research results,it is suggested optimizing functional zoning and setting bird concentrated distribution area as core protected area.Improving ecological environment and enhancing heterogeneity and effectiveness of bird habitats through implementation of ecological protection measures and engineering,and strengthening bird monitoring,education and patrol to ensure steady progress of bird diversity conservation in Baima Lake wetland park.
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