Arsenic is ubiquitous in the environnent,arsenic contamination emerges as one of the environmental problems due to its high threat of human health and survival.Arsenic speciation in different geochemical cycle,arsenic toxicity is closely related to its existing form.The treatment methods of arsenic pollution have physical adsorption,ion exchange,chemical reactions,and so on,but the governance effect is poor and inefficient.In recent years,arsenic-resistant microorganisms had presented and which will be beneficial for remediation of arsenic pollution.In order to explore the prospects of the arsenic-resistant microorganisms in arsenic-contaminated environment,current advances in the status of arsenic contamination of ecological environment,and the classification and transformation mechanism of arsenic-resistant microorganisms were reviewed.Finally the applications and outlook of arsenic-resistant microorganisms for environmental governance were discussed as well.