摘要
地下水作为东江和韩江流域工农业生产和生活用水的重要来源,是推动该区社会和经济高质量发展及维护生态环境系统稳定的重要基石.文章为研究东江和韩江流域地下水化学特征及成因机制,于2020年10-11月采集浅层地下水样品114组,采用数理统计、Piper图、Gibbs图、离子比值系数、Pearson相关分析、因子分析和模糊综合评价等方法,分析东江和韩江流域浅层地下水化学基本特征、水化学类型、离子来源、控制因素及水质状况.结果表明,研究区地下水以淡软水为主,呈弱酸性,阳离子和阴离子以Ca2+和HCO3-为主,地下水化学类型以HCO3-Na·Ca和HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca型为主,韩江流域SO42-型水比例高于东江流域;地下水离子主要来源于碳酸盐岩、硅酸盐岩和盐岩的溶解,部分来源于工矿业等人类活动;地下水组分受控于岩石溶解、阳离子交替吸附作用和人类活动等因素,岩石溶解作用贡献率最大,但人类活动影响明显,其中韩江流域的工矿业、农业等人类活动强度均大于东江流域;地下水质整体较差,东江流域好于韩江流域,超标因子主要为pH、I-、NO3-、NH4+、As、Pb2+等指标.研究结果可为东江和韩江流域地下水资源可持续利用、生态环境保护及区域经济高质量发展提供科学依据.
Abstract
Groundwater in the basins of the Dongjiang River and the Hanjiang River is an important source water for industri-al and agricultural production and domestic use,being vital in promoting the high-quality social and economic development and maintaining the stability of ecological environment system.To study the chemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in the two river basins,a total of 114 sets of shallow groundwater samples were collected in the period of October-November 2020,and water chemistry in terms of basic characteristics,types,sources of ions,control factors and water quality of shallow groundwater were thereby analyzed by means of mathematical statistics,Piper chart,Gibbs chart,ion ratio coefficient,Pearson correlation analysis,factor analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.Consequently,the results presented that the groundwater in the study areas mainly belonged to soft water and weakly acidic,and major cations and anions were Ca2+and HCO3-,respectively;as to the chemical categorization,the main groundwater type was HCO3-Na·Ca and HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca,and the proportion of SO42--typed water in the Hanjiang River basin was higher than that in the Dongjiang River basin,and ions in groundwater were mainly generated from the dissolution of carbonate rock,silicate rock and salt rock,some from human activities including the industry and mining,and besides the composition of groundwater was controlled by rock dissolution,alternating cation adsorption and human activities,meanwhile the contri-bution rate of rock dissolution was greatest,and the influence of human being's activities being evident,the intensity of which in the Hanjiang River basin is greater than that in the Dongjiang River basin.In general,the overall groundwater quali-ty in the two river basins was not good(though that of the Dongjiang River basin was merely better than the Hanjiang River basin),the water-quality factors that exceeding the relevant national standard were mainly pH,I-,NO3-,NH4+,As,Pb2+,ect.It is expected that this research would provide scientific basis for sustainable utilization of groundwater resources,ecological en-vironment protection and high-quality development of regional economy in the both basins of the Dongjiang River and Hanjiang River.
基金项目
广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22080070)
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务费项目(2022012)
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221758)
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20243174)
国家自然科学基金项目(41807218)
国家自然科学基金项目(41602277)
维普
万方数据