Groundwater Chemical Characteristics and Water Quality Evaluation in River Basins of Dongjiang and Hanjiang
Groundwater in the basins of the Dongjiang River and the Hanjiang River is an important source water for industri-al and agricultural production and domestic use,being vital in promoting the high-quality social and economic development and maintaining the stability of ecological environment system.To study the chemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in the two river basins,a total of 114 sets of shallow groundwater samples were collected in the period of October-November 2020,and water chemistry in terms of basic characteristics,types,sources of ions,control factors and water quality of shallow groundwater were thereby analyzed by means of mathematical statistics,Piper chart,Gibbs chart,ion ratio coefficient,Pearson correlation analysis,factor analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.Consequently,the results presented that the groundwater in the study areas mainly belonged to soft water and weakly acidic,and major cations and anions were Ca2+and HCO3-,respectively;as to the chemical categorization,the main groundwater type was HCO3-Na·Ca and HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca,and the proportion of SO42--typed water in the Hanjiang River basin was higher than that in the Dongjiang River basin,and ions in groundwater were mainly generated from the dissolution of carbonate rock,silicate rock and salt rock,some from human activities including the industry and mining,and besides the composition of groundwater was controlled by rock dissolution,alternating cation adsorption and human activities,meanwhile the contri-bution rate of rock dissolution was greatest,and the influence of human being's activities being evident,the intensity of which in the Hanjiang River basin is greater than that in the Dongjiang River basin.In general,the overall groundwater quali-ty in the two river basins was not good(though that of the Dongjiang River basin was merely better than the Hanjiang River basin),the water-quality factors that exceeding the relevant national standard were mainly pH,I-,NO3-,NH4+,As,Pb2+,ect.It is expected that this research would provide scientific basis for sustainable utilization of groundwater resources,ecological en-vironment protection and high-quality development of regional economy in the both basins of the Dongjiang River and Hanjiang River.
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