石油污染土壤微生物群落结构及降污固碳潜力

Microbial Community Structure and Carbon Sequestration Potential of Petroleum-contaminated Soil

宋佳宇 ¹李昀照 ²李兴春 ¹付爱民 ³彭梓怡 ²李丹丹 ⁴任金蔓 ³陈春茂⁵

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作者信息

1. 中国石油大学(北京)化学工程与环境学院,北京 102249;石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京 102206;中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京 102206
2. 中国石油大学(北京)化学工程与环境学院,北京 102249;石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京 102206;中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京 102206;重质油全国重点实验室,北京 102249;油气污染防治北京市重点实验室,北京 102249
3. 石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京 102206;中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京 102206;大庆油田水务环保公司,黑龙江大庆 163712
4. 石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京 102206;中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京 102206
5. 中国石油大学(北京)化学工程与环境学院,北京 102249;重质油全国重点实验室,北京 102249;油气污染防治北京市重点实验室,北京 102249
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摘要

为探究石油污染土壤中微生物群落结构特征及降污固碳潜力,该研究选取中国东部、中部、西北部、西南部4个典型油气田企业在役井场为研究区域,结合16S rRNA高通量测序及生物信息学技术,研究不同油田表层土壤(0～20 cm)潜在降污、固碳微生物群落结构变化规律及主要驱动环境因子,并针对降污、固碳相关代谢通路进行预测及功能注释.结果表明:(1)不同油田土壤全量养分及微生物生物量大致呈东部油田最高,西南部及西北部油田较为接近,中部油田最低的规律.(2)研究区土壤微生物优势菌为变形杆菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门、拟杆菌门,酸杆菌门.(3)基于VPA、RDA分析结果推测,微生物量碳、微生物量氮、RubisCO酶活性、总石油烃含量为影响污染土壤微生物群落结构变化的主要驱动环境因子,其中,TPH(r2=0.67、P=0.001)、MBC(r2=0.36、P=0.004 2)、MBN(r2=0.74、P=0.003)和RubisCO酶活性(r2=0.37、P=0.004 1)均与微生物群落结构具有显著相关性.(4)KEGG数据库功能注释结果表明,不同油田污染土壤中与微生物固碳过程相关的代谢通路相对丰度均显著高于与石油烃等有机物降解相关的代谢通路,且上述通路在不同油田间的相对丰度差异较小.研究结果为支撑新形势下石油石化行业减污增汇技术发展具有重要意义.

Abstract

In order to explore the characteristics of microbial community structure and the potential of pollution reduction and carbon sequestration in petroleum contaminated soil,four typical oil and gas field enterprises in-service well sites of east-em,central,northwestern and southwestern China are selected as the research areas,combined with 16S rRNA high-through-put sequencing and bioinformatics technology,the changes of microbial community structure and main environmental driving factors of potential pollution reduction and carbon sequestration in surface soil(0～20 cm)of different oil fields were explored,and the metabolic pathways related to pollution reduction and carbon sequestration were predicted and functionally annotated.The results show that total nutrient and microbial biomass of soil in different oil fields generally exhibit the highest levels in the eastern oilfields,relatively close levels in the southwestern and northwestern oil fields,and the lowest levels in the central oil fields.The dominant bacteria in the soil of the study area were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Chloroflexi,Bacteroidota and Acidobacteriota.Based on the results of VPA and RDA analysis,MBC,MBN,RubisCO enzyme activity and TPH were the main driving environmental factors affecting the change of microbial community structure in contaminated soil.Among them,TPH(r2=0.67,P=0.001),MBC(r2=0.36,P=0.004 2),MBN(r2=0.74,P=0.003)and RubisCO enzyme activity(r2=0.37,P=0.004 1)were significantly correlated with microbial community structure.The functional annotation results of KEGG database showed that the relative abundance of metabolic pathways related to microbial carbon sequestration in contaminated soils of different oilfields was significantly higher than that of metabolic pathways related to the degradation of organic matter such as petroleum hydrocarbons,and the relative abundance of the above two types of pathways was small among different oilfields.The results are of great significance to support the development of pollution reduction and sink increase technology in petroleum and petrochemical industry under the new situation.

关键词

石油污染/降污固碳微生物/微生物群落结构特征/代谢功能

Key words

oil pollution/pollution-reducing and carbon-fixing soil microorganisms/microbial community structure charac-teristics/metabolic function

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基金项目

中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目(2023ZZ1303)

中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目(2021DQ03-A4)

出版年

2024

环境科学与技术

湖北省环境科学研究院

环境科学与技术

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：0.943

ISSN：1003-6504

参考文献量40

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