Monitoring Atmospheric Heavy Metal Deposition in Guangzhou City Using Moss-Bag Technique
The increasing emissions of industrial production and transportation have resulted in serious atmospheric heavy-met-al pollution,posing threats to the health of urban residents.In this paper,the bryophyte is recommended to monitor the pollu-tion,which features wide distribution,low cost,and being able to get intuitive results.Thus,a kind of moss(Sphagnum palustre)bag was applied to monitoring the concentrations of atmospheric heavy metal(incl.Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn)in Guangzhou City,and accordingly the pollution degree and health risks were evaluated.The results obtained from the monitoring showed that in comparison with the pre-exposure to the atmospheric heavy metal pollution,the post-exposure geometric mean values of con-centrations of Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn contained in the mosses were 1.2,2.3,1.4 and 2.3 times higher than,respectively,however Cr concentration decreased slightly(0.9 times);and in general,the geometric mean values of concentrations of Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn were comparatively high in industrial areas,while in commercial areas,the concentrations of Cu,Pb and Zn were found to be higher than the scenic and residential areas.Principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis(CA)revealed that in-dustrial activities and traffic emission were the main sources of atmospheric heavy metal contamination of Guangzhou City.Following the heavy metal pollution status-quo investigation with moss,four functional areas were assessed using the contami-nation factor,which indicated that in the monitoring sites showing heavy metals(Cu,Pb,Zn)pollution was high/very-high,the emissions mainly came from coal combustion,industrial metal production and processing activities,while those showing mod-erate(Cu,Zn)pollution,the pollutants came from traffic sources,and the monitoring sites where heavy metal contamination level was low,were utterly distant from industrial emission sources and traffic pollution sources.In conclusion,the moss bag(Sphagnum palustre)is rather adaptive to monitoring atmospheric heavy metal contamination in urban areas.
Sphagnum palustremoss-bag techniqueatmospheric heavy metal contaminationbio-monitoringGuangzhou
万方数据
维普
