Research Progress on Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Aerobic Composting of Livestock and Poultry Manure
Antibiotics are widely used in animal husbandry.Due to the incomplete absorption of these antibiotics in the animal body,a large amount of antibiotics enters the environment through feces,inducing the production of antibiotic resis-tance genes(ARGs),which has adverse effects on the ecological environment and human and animal health.A large amount of research has confirmed that aerobic composting is an effective method to reduce the ecological risks of various pollutants and achieve the resource utilization and harmless utilization of livestock and poultry manure.The different conditions of composting raw materials and composting processes lead to the complexity and variability of ARGs.This article introduces the transfer and propagation mechanism of ARGs during aerobic composting,with a focus on the effects of biological factors(bacterial communities,mobile genetic elements)and composting physicochemical parameters(temperature,pH value,C/N,nitrogen forms,ventilation process and parameters)on ARGs.The interrelationships between ARGs,bacterial communities,mobile genetic elements(MGEs),and various composting physicochemical parameters are briefly described.Based on this,the current research progress on reduction measures for ARGs is summarized.At the same time,prospects were proposed for future research directions,in order to provide theoretical basis for effectively controlling the spread of ARGs in aerobic composting of livestock and poultry manure.
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