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环境因子对河流底泥-水界面氮释放规律影响

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潮白河作为北京重要城市河流水源之一，其顺义减河河段属于典型的再生水回补河道。研究不同点位代表的自然河段与再生水河段中底泥-水界面的养分释放规律及其影响因素，对河道水质改善具有重要意义。该研究通过室内土柱模拟实验，分析不同pH、溶解氧(DO)和温度条件下河道不同断面底泥氨氮释放规律，估算了底泥-水界面氨氮释放通量。结果表明:(1)下游汇流(S1)、潮减交汇处(S2)和自然河道(S3)上覆水和间隙水中NH4+-N呈明显的释放趋势，再生水河道中段(S4)和再生水排水口(S5)释放不明显或发生NH4+-N吸附作用。(2)不同断面土柱模拟中，间隙水中NH4+-N通量为上覆水的2。5～66。7倍，验证了底泥氮先释放到间隙水再扩散到上覆水的过程。(3)不同环境因子(pH、DO和温度)对底泥NH4+-N释放的影响呈现出不同规律:随pH升高，底泥NH4+-N释放通量先降低后增加，在pH=7时达到最低值;随DO浓度增加，底泥NH4+-N释放通量减小，DO浓度为3 mg/L时NH4+-N释放通量最大;温度越高，NH4+-N释放通量越大。潮白河水体在酸性或碱性条件下，DO浓度越低，温度越高，NH4+-N释放通量越大，该研究结果可为潮白河水质改善提供参考。
The Influence of Environmental Factors on Nitrogen Release from the River Sediment-Water Interface
Chaobai River is one of the important urban river sources in Beijing,and its Shunyi river section is a typical re-claimed water channel.It is of great significance to study the nutrient release rules and influencing factors at the bottom-mud-water interface in natural and reclaimed river reaches represented by different points.In this study,through indoor soil column simulation experiments,the release regularity of ammonia nitrogen in sediment at different sections of river channel under dif-ferent pH,DO and temperature conditions was analyzed,and the release flux of ammonia nitrogen at the mud-water interface was estimated.The experimental results show that the release trend of NH4+-N is obvious in overlying water and interstitial water of downstream confluence(S1),tidal subtraction junction(S2)and natural river channel(S3),while the release of NH4+-N is not obvious or the adsorption of NH4+-N occurs in the middle part of reclaimed water channel(S4)and reclaimed water outlet(S5).In the simulation of soil columns with different sections,the NH4+-N flux in interstitial water is 2.5～66.7 times that of overlying water,which verifies the process of nitrogen in the sediment being first released to the interstitial water and then diffused to the overlying water.The effects of different environmental factors(pH,DO and temperature)on the release of NH4+-N from the sediment showed different rules:with the increase of pH,the release flux of NH4+-N from the sediment first decreased and then increased.When pH=7,the release flux of NH4+-N reached the lowest value.With the increase of DO con-centration,the release flux of NH4+-N decreases,and the maximum release flux is reached when DO concentration is 3 mg/L.The higher temperature,the larger NH4+-N release flux.Under acidic or alkaline conditions,the lower the DO concentration and the higher the temperature,the greater the NH4+-N release flux.The results of this study can provide reference for the im-provement of water quality in Chaobai River.

environmental factorsnatural river reachreclaimed water reachnitrogen releasesediment-water interfaceChaobai River

王瑜、王西涵、华玲玲、刘云、杨丽虎、赵明灿

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北京农学院,农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京 102206

中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,陆地水循环及地表过程院重点实验室,北京 100101

环境因子 自然河段 再生水河段 氮释放 底泥-水界面 潮白河

国家自然科学基金项目国家自然科学基金项目北京市自然科学基金-教委联合重点项目北京农学院青年教师科研创新能力提升计划北京市教育委员会科研计划项目

4237706440871232KZ201810020025QJKC2022020KM202310020011

2024

10.19672/j.cnki.1003-6504.0690.24.338

环境科学与技术
湖北省环境科学研究院

环境科学与技术

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.943
ISSN：1003-6504
年,卷(期)：2024.47(9)