Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Water-soluble Ions in PM2.5 During Heating Period of Shijiazhuang City
In order to explore the characteristics of water-soluble ions and sources of pollutants contained in PM2.5 during the heating period of Shijiazhuang City,and continuously promote the improvement of environmental air quality,the PM2.5 emission sources were elaborately analyzed by using Positive Definite Matrix Factor Analysis(PMF)and combined with the emission source inventories of all industries in Shijiazhuang.The results showed the contribution of PM2.5 to ambient air quality with the contribution rate of more than 32％during the heating period in 2021-2022,exerting impact on ambient air quality the greatest;compared with the 2021 concentrations of NO3-,NH4+,Cl-,K+,Mg2+,Ca2+ions in PM2.5 during the heating months increased,which indicated the aggravated influence of fossil fuel combustion sources,biomass combustion sources and dust sources on ambient PM2.5;and with respect to different pollution levels the ratio of NO3-/SO42-was greater than 1.0 during two heating periods(2021-2022),the influence of moving source on PM2.5 was greater than that of fixed source,and the ratio of Mg2+/Ca2+was greater than 0.09,and flying dust was mainly sourced from human activities.Results of the source apportionment showed that PM2.5 was mainly affected by the secondary sources,increases of PM2.5 concentration was mainly attributed to the increases of pollutant emissions from industries plus industrial combustion sources,flying dust sources,bio-mass combustion and civil combustion sources during the heating period in 2022,specifically,the main influencing factors of PM2.5 concentration increase were smelting/casting,electric power and biomass boiler.The results of above exploring studies could be as a useful reference to implement pertinent air pollution source control,facilitating continuous improvement of ambient air quality.
air pollution control projectShijiazhuangPM2.5water-soluble ionsrefined source apportionment
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