摘要
广州资元行行商宝开官黎光华是清代早期广州贸易的重要行商之一,也是清代广州十三行行商中首位破产的商人.宝开官黎光华与来广州的欧洲人贸易活动分为两个时期,黎光华在这两个期间都积极地与英国、丹麦、法国、荷兰和瑞典等国家的商人进行贸易.然而大规模的贸易也导致"夷欠"的大量积累,最终导致清朝对外贸易史上首位行商破产事件发生,宝开官债务由众位行商摊还的解决措施对后来广州行商产生了重要影响.通过英国东印度公司档案,瑞典、丹麦、法国、荷兰等国的档案及中文档案文献,对宝开官的贸易活动进行详细考述,并分析其破产及"夷欠"对后世行商的影响.
Abstract
Li Guanghua or Beau Khiqua,the founder of Canton Ziyuan Hong,was one of the important merchants in Canton's trade during the early Qing Dynasty,and he was the first a-mong the thirteen Hong merchants in Canton to go bankrupt in the Qing Dynasty.The trade activi-ties between Li Guanghua and the Europeans who came to Canton were divided into two periods.During both periods,Li Guanghua actively traded with merchants from countries such as Britain,Denmark,France,the Netherlands and Sweden.However,the large-scale trade also led to the accumulation of Yiqian,or debts owed to foreign merchants,and this eventually led to the first case of bankruptcy in the history of foreign trade during the Qing Dynasty.Using the archives in a number of countries,including Sweden,Denmark,France,the Netherland and China and also those of British East India Company,this article provides a detailed study of Li Guanghua's trade activities,and analyzes the impact of his bankruptcy and debts on later Hong merchants.
基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大项目(2019)(19ZDA206)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据