Distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in multi-environmental media in Yanshan Earth Critical Zone
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),as common persistent organic pollutants in the environment,have achieved significant attention due to their properties of carcinogenic,mutagenic,teratogenic,and difficult degradation.The critical zone of the earth(CZE)is a key area to maintain the sustaining ecological functions and human habitation.This study selected Yanqing Lake within the CZE,and investigated the surface water,surface soil(0～10 cm),and groundwater to explore the distribution characteristics of 16 types of PAHs.The results revealed that the concentrations of the 16 PAHs in surface water,soil,and groundwater were ranged from 9.78 to 2 221.3 ng·L-1,76.21 to 285.03 μg·kg-1,and 21.45 to 1 521.13 ng·L-1,respectively.The mean concentrations were 548.42 ng·L-1,195.77 μg·kg-1,and 492.54 ng·L-1,respectively,and the average concentration of the PAHs in surface water was higher than in groundwater.Besides,the molecular weight distributions of PAHs in three environmental media displayed similar trends.Specifically,naphthalene(Nap)was the dominant monomer PAHs.The proportion of 2-3 low molecular weight PAHs was greater than 4 rings PAHs,and the proportion of 5-6 rings PAHs was the lowest.In addition,the proportion of PAHs in surface water and groundwater was basically the same.Compared with water,soil,has less low molecular weight PAHs and more medium and high molecular weight PAHs.Last,the source analysis of PAHs in multiple environmental media was conducted by using principal component analysis method.It was found that PAHs in the environment mainly came from the combustion of coal,petroleum and biomass and traffic pollution,while atmospheric sedimentation was the main pathway for pollution.In general,various environmental mediums within the Yanshan Critical Zone exhibit varying degrees of PAHs contamination.
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