Ecological vulnerability evaluation of Huaihe river basin based on SRP-ES approach——A case study of Anhui section
The Anhui section of the Huaihe river basin experiences frequent droughts and floods,characterized by complex geomorphology,soil,and lithology.The region is densely populated and extensively developed for coal and other mineral resources,leading to high ecological vulnerability.This study aimed to address this by integrating ecosystem service function analysis into a sensitivity-resilience-pressure(SRP)evaluation model,thereby establishing a comprehensive assessment methodology.Unlike previous approaches that primarily focused on natural and social factors,this framework also examined the relationship between watershed ecosystems and social systems.Using geographic information technology and spatial principal component analysis,the ecological vulnerability of the region was evaluated for the years 2010,2015,and 2020.The findings revealed that:(1)The ecological vulnerability of the Anhui section of the Huaihe river basin was predominantly moderate to severe,exhibiting a clear"north high,south low"distribution pattern.(2)From 2010 to 2020,the composite index of ecological vulnerability for the three periods was 3.84,3.31,and 3.63,respectively,indicating an initial decline followed by an increase.Over this decade,the overall ecological vulnerability of the region remained stable with some improvements,with slightly changing areas accounting for 77％of the total area,and regions where vulnerability decreased outnumbering those where it increased.Specifically,the central and eastern parts of the study area showed an initial decrease followed by an increase in ecological vulnerability.In contrast,the central areas of Lixin county,Huoqiu county,and Shou county saw a reduction in ecological vulnerability,while the eastern region of Changfeng county experienced an increase.3.The ecological vulnerability of the Anhui section of the Huaihe river basin exhibited strong spatial positive correlation characteristics.Low-low value areas were mainly distributed in Huoqiu county,Shou county,and Changfeng county,while high-high value areas were concentrated in Yingzhou district,Yingquan district,Yindong district,Lixin county,Mengcheng county,and the northern part of Guzhen county.The high-high and low-low clustered regions showed a slow eastward and westward migration,respectively.This evaluation system provides an analysis of the trends in ecological vulnerability in the Anhui section of the Huaihe river basin,offering theoretical references for ecological restoration and sustainable development in the region.
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