摘要
青岛市是推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的核心区之一,研究该区域表层土壤重金属污染状况、来源及潜在风险具有十分重要的意义.基于青岛某工业园区厂区内表层土壤(0～20 cm)中 6 种重金属元素(As、Cd、Cu、Pb、Hg、Ni)的含量及污染特征,利用相关性分析和正定矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型对土壤重金属进行源解析.结果表明:表层土壤中各重金属元素均未超GB 36600-2018 土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)中第二类建设用地筛选值;但相比山东省背景值,各重金属元素均有不同程度的富集,其中Cd、Hg分别为背景值的 6.38 倍、4.85 倍,呈明显富集;Cd和Hg的变异系数大于 100%,属于强变异,其余重金属均为中等变异,As、Cu和Pb的变异系数略大于 50%,Ni的变异系数最小为 32%.根据地累积指数评价结果显示,Ni、Cu和As为无污染(Igeo<0),Pb和Cd为轻度污染(0≤Igeo<1),Hg为偏中度污染(1≤Igeo<2).源解析结果显示,园区内表层土壤中重金属来源受农药和化肥生产活动、工业排放、大气沉降以及自然来源的影响,其贡献率分别为 15.99%、37.32%、30.35%、16.34%.
Abstract
Qingdao city is one of the core areas to promote ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin.It is of great significance to study the status,sources and potential risks of heavy metal pollution in the surface soil of this region.Based on the content and pollution characteristics of 6 heavy metal elements(As,Cd,Cu,Pb,Hg,Ni)in the surface soil(0-20 cm)of an industrial park in Qingdao,the correlation analysis and positive definite matrix factorization(PMF)model were used to analyze the source of heavy metals in soil.The results showed that all heavy metal elements in surface soil did not exceed the second type of construction land screening values in GB 36600-2018 Soil Environment Quality Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Development Land.However,compared with the background value in Shandong province,all heavy metal elements were enriched to different degrees,Cd and Hg were 6.38 and 4.85 times of the background value,respectively,showed obvious enrichment.The variation coefficients of Cd and Hg were greater than 100%,which belonged to strong variation,the other heavy metals showed moderate variation.The variation coefficients of As,Cu and Pb were slightly more than 50%,and the variation coefficient of Ni was the smallest(32%).The evaluation results of the local accumulation index showed that Ni,Cu and As were pollution-free(Igeo<0),Pb and Cd were mildly polluted(0≤Igeo<1),and Hg was moderately polluted(1≤Igeo<2).Source analysis results showed that the sources of heavy metals in the surface soil in the park were affected by pesticide and fertilizer production activities,industrial emissions,atmospheric subsidence and natural sources,and their contribution rates were 15.99%,37.32%,30.35%and 16.34%,respectively.
维普
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