摘要
存量生活垃圾填埋场已成为新的生态环境风险点,占据了大量土地资源,制约着"无废城市"建设目标的实现,采用科学、安全、环保的方式对存量生活垃圾填埋场进行治理已成为各地政府面临的重要课题.本研究首先对目前我国填埋场常用的原位封场、开挖筛分、好氧处理、扩建 4 种治理方式涉及的关键技术、适用条件、治理成本、环境影响、土地利用水平等内容进行了介绍与对比分析;然后基于理论研究、工程案例、统计数据对影响填埋场治理方式选择的主要因素进行了系统分析,包括填埋场降解稳定化程度、填埋场渗滤液污染地下水和土壤风险、填埋场规模、土地利用价值、当地垃圾焚烧处理冗余能力;最后,分别针对卫生填埋场与简易填埋场,提出了基于填埋场现状调查与风险评价结果以及综合考虑主要影响因素的治理方式确定方法.本研究提出的存量生活垃圾填埋场治理方式确定方法对于政府相关管理部门制定政策与规划用地、设计与实施单位编制方案具有很好的参考价值.
Abstract
Existing MSW landfills have become new ecological and environmental risk points,occupying a large amount of land resources and hindering the realization of"zero-waste city"development goals.Selection of scientific,safe,and environmental remediation methods for the existing MSW landfills has become a significant challenge for local governments.This study first introduced and compared the key technologies,applicable conditions,economic costs,environmental impacts,and land utilization levels of the four commonly used landfill remediation methods,including closure,excavation and screening,aerobic treatment,and expansion.Then,based on theoretical research,engineering cases,and statistical data,a systematic analysis of the main factors affecting the selection of landfill remediation methods was conducted,including the degree of degradation stabilization,risk of groundwater and soil pollution caused by leachate leakage,landfill scale,land utilization value,and local incineration redundant capacity.Finally,a methodology for determining the remediation methods for sanitary and simple landfills was proposed.This methodology was based on landfill site investigation and risk assessments while comprehensively considering various influencing factors.The approach proposed in this study provides valuable reference and technical support for government agencies in policy formulation and land-use planning,as well as for design and construction companies in scheme planning.
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